Male pheromone of the pine sawyer beetles, Monochamus S. scutellatus (Say) and Monochamus notatus (Drury) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): Production, response and circadian rhythms

The aggregation pheromone, 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol, is the first sex-specific pheromone identified in the cerambycid subfamily Lamiinae. Investigations were conducted to (1) determine if Monochamus scutellatus and M. notatus produce 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol, (2) determine if host kairomones enhance attractiveness of 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol, and (3) determine if there is a circadian rhythm in production of and field response to 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol by M. scutellatus and M. notatus. The pheromone, 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol, was detected in volatiles from male M. scutellatus, but not from M. notatus. Male M. scutellatus produced 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol during each 8-hr time interval over a 24-hr period and in similar quantities. In field tests, alpha-pinene significantly enhanced attraction of 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol to M. scutellatus and M. notatus. Significantly more M. scutellatus were captured during morning hours and significantly more M. notatus were caught during evening hours. This temporal response pattern changed late in the flight period when M. notatus were caught during morning hours.