| We investigated the effect of consumption of breakfasts differing in glycemic load (GL) on satiety, hunger, palatability, and energy intake at lunch in 4--6 y old children (n = 23). A randomized crossover design was used. Subjects consumed a low GL [(LGL) (GL = 2.5] or high GL [(HGL) (GL = 23.1)] breakfast followed by ad libitum lunch. Energy intake at breakfast was significantly higher with HGL compared to LGL intervention (165 vs. 104 kcal; P = .001). Before lunch, children who consumed HGL breakfast were hungrier than those who consumed LGL breakfast (P = .03). No significant difference in energy intakes at lunch was observed between HGL and LGL interventions (395 vs. 404 kcal). No association was found between hunger before lunch and palatability, energy density, and GL of breakfast. In pre-school children, pre-lunch hunger had no effect on lunch energy intakes, and that energy intake may be explained by palatability of meals, food preferences, or other environmental factors. |
