Evaluating human adult mesenchymal stem cells and MG-63 cells on Vitoss(TM), ChronOS(TM) Graulat and ChronOS(TM) for use in bone tissue engineering

The delivery of human adult mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC) using bone void fillers is a novel approach for use in bone tissue engineering. The evaluation of hAMSC and osteoblast-like MG-63 cell activity on three beta-tricalcium phosphate-based bone void fillers (Vitoss(TM), ChronOS(TM) Granulat and ChronOS(TM)) has not been carried out. Human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63 cells), as well as hAMSCs, readily seed over 90% of the available biomaterials under static culture conditions, and the attached cells proliferate to extensively cover the biomaterials as seen by DAPI staining and LIVE/DEAD viability staining. The attached cells are over 90% viable after 7 days in culture as assessed by LIVE/DEAD staining. CyQUANT assays show a statistically significant increase in cell proliferation over a 7 day culture period. hAMSCs cultured in the presence of an osteogenic supplement on Vitoss(TM) and ChronOS(TM) show a statistically significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity 14 days post-addition of osteogenic supplement. MG-63 cells also show increased alkaline phosphatase activity in response to an osteogenic supplement. These biomaterials show promise for use as vehicles for cell delivery to place large numbers of cells directly into a wound site or onto a tissue-engineering scaffold. These beta-tricalcium phosphate-based bone void fillers are biocompatible and biodegradable as indicated by their clinical use. These bone void fillers when seeded with human adult mesenchymal stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts could possibly increase healing efficiency in bone defects.