| This thesis examines the intonation patterns found in two varieties of Spanish, as spoken in Lima and Cuzco, Peru, and compares them with the patterns found for Cuzco Quechua. Utterances are analyzed in two pragmatic contexts, both broad and contrastive focus, and in two modalities, both declaratives and interrogatives. The intonation contours are examined within the Autosegmental Metrical (AM) model of intonation. In addition to conducting a cross-dialectal analysis of Peruvian Spanish, this dissertation adopts a sociolinguistic approach, in order to examine the possibility of contact between the prosodic systems of Spanish and the indigenous language of Quechua. That is, within Cuzco, speakers with different language backgrounds are compared, including native Spanish speakers, native Quechua-Spanish bilinguals, and native Quechua speakers who are also second language learners of Spanish.; This dissertation attempts to answer the following questions. First, is Peruvian Spanish intonation similar to other varieties of Spanish intonation previously described in the literature? Also, does Cuzco Spanish intonation differ from that observed in Lima, a region with historically less contact with Quechua? And last, does Cuzco Spanish demonstrate features also found in Cuzco Quechua, which would suggest the possibility of intonation contact?; This study offers an initial description of both Peruvian Spanish and Quechua intonation using instrumental analysis. Lima and some Cuzco Spanish speakers are shown to coincide with previous descriptions of other varieties of Spanish, depending on the feature considered. More variation is found within Cuzco, including patterns of tonic peak alignment, which are not previously found in broad focus, except in other contact varieties of Spanish. In addition, Cuzco Quechua coincides with the feature of aligning prenuclear peaks within the stressed syllable. This data then suggest the possibility of contact between prosodic systems. However, not all intonation features are shown to be influenced. For example, the final fall in questions in Quechua is maintained, while the final rise in questions in Spanish is produced by all three language groups in Cuzco. This research then demonstrates the importance of examining several intonation features for possible contact, since not all features may undergo the same change. |
