| Criteria and Indicators (C&I) along with forest certification are instruments for contributing to sustainable forest management (SFM). This thesis examines these instruments in two case studies. The first case study assesses the application of C&I in Model Forests and forest companies in Canada. Its results suggest coherence in applying C&I within Model Forests and forest companies, hierarchical positions in using criteria and SFM elements within Model Forests and forest companies, and prevalence of a given criterion and SFM element between Model Forests and forest companies. The second case study compares the practice of Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) forest certification system in forest organizations located in Canada and the US. Its findings suggest that forest organizations differ in the importance they place on required FSC principles for forest certification; and the principles of 'indigenous people's rights' and 'forest benefits' are more likely to be present in Canada than in the US. |
