This thesis investigates the electronic structure of 3d transition metal (TM) oxides. Many different electron spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements have been performed on a sequence of transition metal oxides NiO, CoO, FeO, Fe;The systematic study for the sequence leads to a reclassification of early TM oxides from a traditional Mott-Hubbard picture to one using the Anderson Hamiltonian with very strong metal-oxygen hybridization. The lowest lying PES states are not of the ;(V;The spectroscopic study on the valence of the dopants in the (V;In Fe... |