Landscape ecology and the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus: An approach through map recognition and retention

Determination of the best map type to use in the transfer of scientific information to enhance recognition and retention of material on landscape ecology and the monarch butterfly was investigated in this project. Maps and related text were presented to fifth through eighth grade students in eastern Texas. Three studies examined either the monarch butterfly migration or landscape ecology concepts using maps with or without icons.;When individual questions were examined for Studies 1 and 2, black and white maps with icons reflected the highest mean scores per question. Study 3 exhibited extremely high mean scores per question in grade seven/eight. Although information gained from maps was limited, the high mean per question reflect adequate comprehension of landscape ecology concepts.;All three studies reflect that scientific explorations can benefit from maps with prominent icons related to text material. In addition, the basis for landscape ecology is appropriate for instruction at the elementary level. Identifiable characteristics repeated in form and shape throughout a landscape can be taught with the use of maps, since elementary students can discern between forms and shapes repeated on maps.;Data were gathered and measured using Tukey's Studentized Range Test and one degree of freedom contrast program. Maps per question were examined using one degree of freedom contrast. Questions were examined by comparing mean scores above and below an average total proportion score.