Biodiversity And Nhvlogenetic Researches Of Aquatic Hyphomycetes In Tibet

Aquatic hyphomycetes is a kind of micro-fungi which mainly distributed in running freshwater,most of them belong to the anamorph of Ascomycetes and few are Basidiomycetes in taxonomy.Because it can decompose macromolecules such as cellulose and lignin,it plays an indispensable role in the material cycling and energy metabolism of freshwater ecosystems.In addition,aquatic hyphomycetes not only can solve the problems of heavy metal pollution and water pollution,but also have some potential value in the field of discovering new secondary metabolites.In this paper,we mainly investigated the diversity of aquatic hyphomycetes in some high altitude areas of Tibet,Sichuan and Yunnan,as well as in some areas of Hainan province.The samples were collected from Nanyigou scenic area,Nianchu river,Rikaze scenic area,Gongga country,Lazi country and Bomi country of Tibet autonomous region;Qingcheng mountain scenic area,Derongdingweng grasslands,Gexigou natural conservation area and Batang country of Sichuan province;Yulong snow mountain scenic area,Meili snow mountain scenic area of Yunnan province,and Diaoluoshan natural conservation area,Wuzhishan natural conservation area of Hainan province.It mainly collected 300 specimen rotten leaves and rotten wood in stream water,after culture,isolation and purification,more than 100 strains of aquatic hyphomycetes are obtained.Based on molecular evidence and morphological characterstic that we found 18 anamorphic genera,4 teleomorph genera and 1 with sporodochia.The details are follows:1.We in detail introduced 23 genera and 29 species,including 3 new genera:Anaorchroconis,Multisthmuspora,Jaculisporella;11 new species:Anaorchroconis tricladiatum,Aquanectria hainanensis,Cylindrocladi u m q ingche ngshanensis,Ellisembia hainanensis,Filosporella qisehaiensis,Isthmolongispora hainanensis,Isthmolongispora tibetensis,Isthmolongispora diaoluoshanensis,Jaculisporella sinense,Triscelophorus yunnanensis,Uncispora wuzhishanensis,3 new combinations:Multisthmuspora intermedia,M.variabilis,M.quadricellularia;and 2 new records of species of China:Camptophora hylomeconis,Spegazzinia tessarthra.2.Combined with SSU and LSU sequences analysis,the genus Jaculisporella was placed into Basidiomycotina,Pucciniomycotina,Classiculaceae,at present,all genera of Classiculaceae are monotypic and aquatic,they have similar spores but the way of sporulation is completely different.In addition,we determined the genus Anaorchroconis belongs to Ascomycota,Pezizomycotina,Dothideomycetes,Sympoventuriaceae,and Uncispora belongs to Ascomycota,Eurotiomycetes,Chaetothyriale,Herpotrichiellaceae.3.The phylogenetic analysis of the genus Isthmolongispora based on a combined dataset(SSU,LSU,RPB2,TEF)showed that Isthmolongispora is polyphyletic,species with spores of one constriction fall within Dothideomycetes,Microthyriaceae,while conidia with two or more constriction belong to Leotiomycetes,thus,we rebuild a genus Multisthmuspora to accommodate two or more constriction,under this genera we propose three new combinations:Multisthmuspora intermedia,M.variabilis,M.quadricellularia;In the meanwhile,many species of Isthmolongispora and Triscelophorus fall within the Microthyriaceae,combined with the previous data,made anamorph genera of Microthyriaceae increase to 7,all members from 11 to 37.