Research On Evaluation And Cultivation Of Scientific Research Ability Of Physics Undergraduates

The construction of first-class universities and disciplines aims to train first-class talents,and the more prominent feature of first-class talents is their innovation.Innovation is inseparable from scientific inquiry,so the cultivation of scientific research ability has become the focus of higher education in the new period.Scientific research ability is the basic ability that an excellent undergraduate student needs to possess.In view of the lack of research on the undergraduates' scientific research abilities in specific disciplines such as science and engineering,this article takes physics as a foothold,and explore the evaluation and training of physics undergraduates' scientific research capabilities.In this paper,by consulting a large amount of domestic and foreign literature related to scientific research ability research,a preliminary determination of 26 initial factors affecting the scientific research ability of undergraduate students of physics is established.A number of physics research teachers in universities in China launched investigations.Use mathematical statistical tool SPSS25.0 to perform factor analysis on the survey data,and achieve "dimensional reduction" of 26 initial factors through principal component extraction,highlight the main influencing factors,established a mathematical model of 11 major influencing factors such as individual characteristics of scientific research,students' basic conditions,scientific research support conditions,teachers' scientific research teaching,practical activities,teachers' own literacy,school curriculum,research implementation policies,social culture,selection mechanism and family environment And based on this,the weights of each influencing factor are obtained.In addition,after an in-depth understanding of the basic concepts of undergraduate scientific research capabilities and related theories such as the cultivation and evaluation of innovation capabilities,closely related to the characteristics of the physics discipline,combined with the training objectives and actual conditions of physics undergraduates,determined the evaluation system framework that centered on four secondary indicators of scientific research personality characteristics,basic scientific research capabilities,scientific research practice capabilities,and scientific innovation capabilities,including 18 third-level indicators.And using the analytic hierarchy process,through the questionnaire consultation of front-line physics teachers and physics research teaching managers in universities,measure the weight of each evaluation index to establish an evaluation index system for the scientific research ability of undergraduates majoring in physics.Finally,closely linked to the "Undergraduate Research Capability Enhancement Program" implemented by the College of Physics and Microelectronics of Hunan University.According to the main influencing factors explored above,corresponding to various strategic measures implemented in the college's scientific research capacity improvement plan to effectively improve the scientific research capacity of physics undergraduates,it is found that there is still to be further improved in terms of social culture,selection mechanism and family environment.Relying on the construction of the scientific research ability evaluation system to measure the effectiveness of scientific research plans for the cultivation of scientific research ability of undergraduates majoring in physics,Empirical research found that the undergraduate scientific research ability improvement plan and the physical undergraduate scientific research ability development showed a significant positive correlation,that is,the students participating in the scientific research plan have a higher research ability.This has a good inspiration and guiding role for other universities in China to strengthen the cultivation of innovative undergraduate talents,and helps to improve the quality of undergraduate talents cultivation.