Study On Agricultural Ecological Efficiency Of Typical Oasis In Xinjiang

As an important grain base in Xinjiang,Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture(Yili Prefecture)is concerned with the food security of Xinjiang.Over the years,in order to ensure the increase of agricultural production in Yili Prefecture,it has increased the investment in chemical agricultural factors,which ultimately led to the decline of land productivity,environmental pollution,waste of resources,food security and other issues.The sustainable development of agriculture in Yili Prefecture has been seriously threatened.Agricultural Eco-efficiency is an important indicator to measure the coordinated and sustainable development of agricultural resource utilization,agricultural economy and environment in Yili Prefecture.Studying the Agricultural Eco-efficiency of Yili Prefecture can provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for Yili Prefecture to formulate sustainable development strategies for green agriculture.In order to explore the sustainable development level of agriculture(planting industry)in the narrow sense of Yili Prefecture,this study used agricultural panel data from 24 counties and cities in Yili Prefecture as samples for 2001-2017.Using the super-efficient SBM model,an indicator system of Agricultural Eco-efficiency evaluation that conforms to the actual situation in Yili Prefecture is constructed.The changing characteristics and internal influence mechanism of agricultural ecological efficiency were measured and analyzed from the state scale,regional scale and county scale;The spatial evolution characteristics of Agricultural Eco-efficiency in 24 counties and cities in Yili Prefecture were analyzed by Arc GIS 10.2 software in 2001,2007,2012 and 2017;the input-output redundancy ratio of counties and cities with loss of efficiency value was calculated in 2017,and analyzed the causes of efficiency loss;The Malmquist index was used to analyze the mechanism of promoting and restricting Agricultural Eco-efficiency in Yili Prefecture by analyzing the total factor productivity index,the efficiency and technical changes of its decomposition;Tobit model was used to analyze the factors and degree of influence on agricultural ecological efficiency in Yili Prefecture.The specific conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The overall Agricultural Eco-efficiency in Yili Prefecture showed a gradual downward trend from 2001 to 2017,with an average value of 0.712.Agricultural Eco-efficiency was mainly limited by scale efficiency from 2001 to 2008.After 2008,it was mainly affected by pure technical efficiency;The Agricultural Eco-efficiency of each region did not reach the effective during the study period,and the average value of the efficiency in order from large to small is: the area directly under Yili,Altay area,Tacheng area.The Agricultural Eco-efficiency in the areas directly under Yili and Altay is mainly affected by scale efficiency,while the Agricultural Eco-efficiency in Tacheng is more affected by pure technical efficiency;The Agricultural Eco-efficiency level of most counties and cities was low and the difference was obvious.Among the 24 counties and cities,only Yining City,Yining County,Xinyuan County,Zhaosu County,Shawan County,and Jimunai County have reached the average level of agricultural ecological efficiency.The efficiency of scale mainly restricted the improvement of agricultural ecological efficiency in counties and cities.(2)The spatial distribution of the counties and cities in Yili Prefecture changed significantly in time.The effective area of agricultural ecological efficiency decreased overall From 2001 to 2017.After 2007,the low-efficiency area expanded toward the southwest and northeast of Yili Prefecture.It gradually evolved into a sporadic distribution of effective areas,and low-efficiency areas were concentrated in the central and northeastern parts of Yili Prefecture.(3)It can be seen from the input-output redundancy rate that the loss of agricultural ecological efficiency had nothing to do with insufficient agricultural output in Yili Prefecture.Agricultural inputs across the state,regions,counties and cities had not been effectively used.Among them,the input redundancy rate of pesticides and chemical fertilizers was the highest,and the agricultural unintended output redundancy rate was generally high.(4)From the dynamic analysis of the Malmquist index,the total factor productivity index(TFP)of Yili Prefecture was generally improving from 2001 to 2017,with an average annual growth rate of 7.3%.The annual average growth rate of the technological progress index was 12.2%,and the average annual growth rate of the comprehensive technical efficiency change index was 0.4%.Indicating that technological progress had a greater contribution to TFP improvement;The annual average growth rate of TFP in the areas directly under Yili,Tacheng and Altay were3.9%,12.2% and 7.1%.Technological progress was the main reason for improving TFP;From the perspective of counties and cities,except for Kuitun City,Altay City,and Jimunai County,the TFP of the remaining counties and cities was generally increasing.The comprehensive technical efficiency change index inhibits TFP growth,and the main reason was that the county-level city efficiency change index growth was relatively low.(5)From the analysis of influencing factors,the density of agricultural machinery and rural electricity consumption had a significant positive impact on the agricultural ecological efficiency of Yili Prefecture.The level of agricultural development,irrigation rate of farmland,and the level of agricultural scale had a significant negative impact on agricultural ecological efficiency in Yili Prefecture.The planting structure and urbanization level had a negative impact on the agricultural ecological efficiency of Yili Prefecture,but the effect is not obvious.