Research On Wave Measurement Methods Using Wave Buoys Based On GNSS Technology

Wave is an important movement phenomenon in the ocean,and its change monitoring and motion rules study are of great significance for human activities at sea and near shore.GNSS wave measurement buoys,combined with the current GNSS technology,can effectively observe wave information,and have the advantages of system simplicity,low cost,good wave-following,and global coverage,which has wide-range application prospect.In this paper,based on velocity determination method using GNSS carrier-phase epoch-difference,combined with spectral analysis method,a global real-time highprecision wave element measurement method is presented,and its implementation procedures and algorithm model is introduced.This method is suitable for near-shore and far-sea scenarios,and can obtain real-time centimeter-level wave element information based on free GNSS broadcast ephemeris,which needs no extra precision differential correction service and communication,and has high practical application value.The data from two buoy trials in the South China Sea are processed and analyzed,and the reliability of the new method is verified.The new algorithm can obtain various wave elements,including significant wave height,average period,one-tenth maximum wave height and period,and the wave measurement precision is comparable with that of the Waverider.The method can obtain consistent results with PPK and PPP,and can obtain consistent wave elements using broadcast ephemeris with that of the IGS precise ephemeris,which provides technical support for its global application.The sea trial results show that using GNSS sampling frequency of 5 Hz and the sliding time window of 20 min,the method can obtain stable and accurate wave element information,which is of reference value to practical engineering application.