Location Of Bike-sharing Stations And Their Fleet Deployment Based On Cooperative Coverage

With the rapid development of informatization level in China,bike-sharing system has been vigorously promoted by the government and companies.In order to catch up with this new trend and experience the convenience that sharing economy brings to everyone,people have chosen shared bikes as their basic means of transportation for short-distance travel.However,due to the unoptimized location and fleet deployment of bike-sharing stations,the long-term imperfection of relevant infrastructure construction,policies and regulations,shared bikes are being parked in disorder in many cities.This will be a serious problem to the municipal administration of government and has bad influences on the traffic environment,city appearance and residents’ travel experience.Meanwhile,it will also be a heavy economic burden to the system operators and threatens the survival of sharing bike companies.For this reason,based on a large number of literature studies,this thesis found out the shortcomings of relevant researches.Then,aiming at the problems of sharing bike system,by considering the constraints of the number and capacity of stations,the total number of deployed bicycles and the weights of demand points,a multi-period and multi-objective optimization model for the location of bike sharing stations and initial allocation of bicycles at each station was developed based on the idea of cooperative covering location.By studying the problems with deterministic demand and stochastic demand,the modeling objectives of maximizing the coverage of demand points and the satisfaction of parking and picking-up requirements,minimizing idle bicycles,costs of site construction,management and bicycle purchasing are achieved.In addition,the improved branch and bound algorithm,NSGA II algorithm and related examples are used to solve the model,and the corresponding results are obtained.After that,through the sensitivity analysis of several important factors contained in each model,some realistic and reliable management opinions and suggestions are put forward to the operators of bike sharing system.The results show that in the bike sharing system,the costs of stations and bicycles will have a very important impact on the implementation and service level of the whole system.Besides,in the case of uncertain demand,when the data is inaccurate or the situation of users’ travel is unstable,decision makers need to make more preparations and pay the corresponding costs to achieve global optimization.