| Escherichia coli(E.coli)is a resident commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens in the intestines of humans and animals,and it is also an indicator of drug resistance.Antimicrobial resistance is a serious public health problem in China.The prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli strains would be investigated objectively and accurately,which is important to formulate reasonable strategies to reduce the harm of bacterial resistance and improve the effectiveness of disease prevention and control in China.At present,there are many studies on the antibiotic resistance of animal-derived bacteria.However,there is no scientific method to calculate the prevalence of bacterial resistance in different animals,drugs,breeding model,time,region and other conditions.Meta-analysis is a rigorous and systematic method for analysis and synthesis by multiple independent small-sample studies.This method could avoid the limitations of a single small-sample study and make the results more comprehensive and reliable.Thus,we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli strains simultaneously isolated from pigs in China and to provide a clinical reference for clinical reasonable use of veterinary medicine.We searched seven electronic databases(Pub Med,Web of science,Sino Med,CNKI and so on)and analyzed with meta-analysis using Stata software,and we have seared 1932 studies.The analysis results are as follows:1.We analyzed those reported antimicrobial resistance rates of pig-derived Escherichia colis to 72 drugs with meta-analysis.Among them,the highest rate is sulfonamides,followed by penicillins and tetracyclines,while cephalosporins and peptides are lower.The antimicrobial resistance rate of more than 90% is 2 kinds of sulfa drugs(sulfamethazine 95%,sulfaisoxazole 95%)and 2 kinds of tetracyclines(oxytetracycline 91%,tetracycline 90%)and penicillin.There are more sensitive isolates to antibacterial drugs in the range of 30?70% in 31 drugs,the resistance rates is below 30% in 21 kinds of drugs.The resistance rate of imipenem and meropenem is the lowest(1%).The Antimicrobial resistance is a serious public health problem in Escherichia coli isolated from pork in China,too.The drug resistance situation in China is more serious than that in the United States.2.The antimicrobial resistance rate of pig-derived Escherichia colis across China shows obvious regional differences and is affected by many factors.After the implementation of the "Reduced Resistance" plan in 2017,the resistance rate of antimicrobial drugs such as kanamycin,ofloxacin,colistin,gentamicin,and compound trimethoprim decreased,indicating that the "Reduced Resistance Program" has been effective for those drugs.The decline in the resistance rate of antimicrobial drugs has a positive effect,but it is not effective for all drugs.3.The antimicrobial resistance of pig-derived Escherichia colis in Guizhou Province is serious.The antimicrobial resistance rate of 18 antibacterial drugs in Guizhou Province is higher than the antimicrobial resistance level of China,and there is a very significant difference in the antimicrobial resistance rate of ceftiofur and a ignificant difference in the antimicrobial resistance rate of ofloxacin.Zunyi City was more serious,followed by Anshun City;The drug resistance in Qiannan Prefecture and Tongren City was more good.The conclusion of this study: The resistance of pig-derived Escherichia colis to antimicrobial drugs is serious in China,and the resistance rate is affected by criterion for judgement of sensitivity test,sampling provinces,sampling sites and other factors.The "Resistance Reduction Program" has a positive effect on the decline of the resistance rate of certain antimicrobial drugs(kanamycin,ofloxacin,colistin,gentamicin,compound sulfamethoxazole and so on),but not all.The status of drug resistance in Guizhou Province is serious. |
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