Identifying And Evaluating An Ecological Network Of Siberian Roe Deer(Capreolus Pygargus)based On Multi-source Data In The Lesser Xing'an Mountain

With the global climate change and anthropology interference,the biodiversity reduction has become an important ecological problem in the world.The identifying of ecological network is an effective measure to protect biodiversity.The identifying of ecological network for regional biodiversity conservation can not only meet the needs of species' habitat,but also meet the needs of their migration and dispersal.It has the function of maintaining ecosystem balance and protecting biodiversity.The Lesser Xing'an Mountain is an important forest ecological function area in China.With the highintensity development in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain,the forest area and the quality of forest resources have declined,causing the fragmentation of the wildlife habitat and the decrease of population.Siberian roe deer,as a typical deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain,is not only an important part of the food chain of the forest ecosystem,but also plays a role in maintaining the balance of the forest ecosystem.This paper identifies and evaluates the ecological network of Siberian roe deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain,based on multi-source data.Firstly,taking Tieli Forestry Bureau of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain as a typical area,and using the Siberian roe deer occurrence points obtained from long-term field surveys,the habitat selection characteristics of roe deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain were analyzed based on Max Ent species distribution model,and the habitat selection characteristics and living habits of roe deer were analyzed based on previous research results.And based on the Google Earth engine,using landsat8-OLI remote sensing image,combined with spectral,texture and terrain features,the land cover of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain is classified.Then,combined with the habitat selection characteristics and living habits of roe deer and the land cover in Xiaoxing'an Mountains,13 environmental variables of four environmental factors of roe deer were constructed.The surface resistance surface of roe deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain was constructed based on expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process,and the suitable habitat grade and core habitat patch of roe deer were divided and identifying the ecological network of roe deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.Finally,the connectivity,structure characterisitcs and protection gap of roe deer ecological network were analyzed to evaluate the spatial structure and protection status of the roe deer ecological network in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Habitat selection characteristics and living habits of Siberian roe deer.Human disturbance factors have the most important influence on habitat selection of roe deer,followed by topographic characteristics,vegetation characteristics and landscape characteristics.On the whole,roe deer tend to choose low altitude,gentle slope and sunny,like forest and farmland landscape types,especially the landscape structure of farmland and forest mosaic;like high-energy and high-protein food,with Mongolian oak,birch and aspen as the dominant species,and the area far away from the interference of human activities.(2)Results of land cover classification in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.In terms of the contribution rate of feature variables,the altitude in the terrain features has the highest contribution rate among the 22 feature variables.And the spectral features of the image,including the image bands and spectral indexes,play an important role in image classification,especially MNDWI.The overall accuracy of land cover classification of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain is 81.07%,and kappa coefficient is 72.52%.The main type of land cover is forest,and the distribution of building land is less.The cultivated land is mainly distributed in the flat area in the north of the middle of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.(3)Distribution characteristics of ecological network of roe deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.The most areas of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain are suitable habitats for Siberian roe deer,and unsuitable habitats are mainly concentrated in the south of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.The 36 core suitable habitat patches of roe deer are generally scattered and locally concentrated,and each core habitat patch is connected by 2-5corridors,a total of 76 ecological corridors,which is mainly distributed in the areas where Heihe City and Yichun City intersect with other administrative regions.The 36 core suitable habitat patches and 76 ecological corridors construct the ecological network of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.(4)Evaluation of the ecological network of roe deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain.The connectivity of the core habitat patches of roe deer in the Lesser Xing'an Mountain is not high;the core habitat patches and ecological corridors with high and middle centrality value are mainly in the central region of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain;the resistance value of ecological corridor in the south of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain is higher than that in the north.And the existing nature reserves have protection gaps in the protection of the roe deer suitable habitats,and they are mainly distributed in the northern and southern part of the Lesser Xing'an Mountain,and the forest area of the Qinghei Mountain.