Research On The Influence Of Residential Area Morphology On Solar Radiation

With the rapid development of China's economy,the housing area has shown a rapid growth trend in recent years.As the main manifestation of modern human settlements,residential areas are the main living form of urban population.The outdoor space of residential areas is the main venue for urban population.To create a good outdoor space in residential areas is of great significance both socially and psychologically.Solar radiation is an important parameter that affects the comfort of outdoor open spaces in residential areas,and is also a major consideration for promoting the environmental sustainability of urban residential areas,because it is closely related to energy efficiency and livability.Therefore,studying residential solar radiation has fundamental value for the sustainability of outdoor thermal environment.This article hopes to clarify the correlation between residential morphological parameters and solar radiation,and then quantitatively describe the relationship between morphological parameters and residential outdoor comfort.To this end,this article has done the following work and obtained the following results:(1)First,the basic concepts related to solar radiation,settlements,and settlement morphologies are explained,and the principles of solar radiation formation in open spaces in settlements are sorted out.On this basis,the components of the various components of radiation are analyzed,and the solar radiation simulation methods in the literature are sorted out,and the solar radiation simulation calculation methods suitable for the settlement level are sorted out.Starting from the indirect calculation of solar radiation,by combing the calculation principle of sky opening,and the advantages and disadvantages of software calculation,based on the projection algorithm,a method for calculating the sky view factor(Sky view factor)based on parametric software and performance simulation plug-in platform is proposed,and a calculation model for quickly and conveniently calculating solar radiation is established.The comparison with the measured radiation data in the residential area proves that the method has high stability,is suitable for the calculation model of outdoor solar radiation in the residential area,and is easy to operate and accurate.(2)Aiming at the shortcomings of inconvenient field investigations in residential areas,use open data methods to obtain urban building models in Xi'an,including building outline data and building height spatial distribution,and establish a process for obtaining three-dimensional data from open data.By summarizing the characteristics of residential areas in Xi'an area,based on the analytic hierarchy process to obtain livable residential areas,according to the classification of strata frequency and layout form to obtain 20typical residential areas in Xi'an area.(3)Taking a typical residential area in Xi'an as an example,the distribution of the total annual solar radiation in the residential area is obtained.The sky opening of the residential area has a strong correlation with the total annual solar radiation,and the correlation coefficient R~2 is between 0.914-0.989.Therefore,the sky opening can be used as a predictor of the total annual solar radiation.By analyzing the relationship between the sky opening and the total monthly solar radiation,there is also a strong correlation,and the correlation changes with the change of the solar altitude angle,and increases with the increase of the solar altitude angle.Determine the morphological parameters describing the residential area on the basis of principles,including building density,floor area ratio,average building height,standard deviation of average building height,compactness,complexity,standard deviation of building area,and study the effect of residential morphological parameters on solar radiation The results show that there is a negative correlation between building density,floor area ratio,building average height,standard deviation of average building height,complexity,standard deviation of building area and total annual solar radiation.Among them,the standard deviation of building area is negatively correlated with total annual solar radiation.The correlation between the total annual solar radiation is weak,and the correlation coefficient R is only 0.226;the compactness is positively correlated with the total annual solar radiation,and the correlation is strong,with the correlation coefficient R being 0.802.The four morphological parameters of building density,building height standard deviation,compactness and building average height are used as independent variable factors to establish a multiple regression model.(4)Utilize the Thermal Climate Index(UTCI)as an index to evaluate the outdoor comfort of residential areas under the influence of solar radiation.According to different general thermal climate index under the influence of shadow area and solar radiation.Obtain the comfortable shadow of the outdoor environment and the effective outdoor radiation range,and determine the morphological parameter range of the outdoor comfortable residential area.Comprehensive consideration,the complexity of the settlement is 1.0-2.0,and the compactness is 0.20-0.29.