Research On The Impact Of Traffic Environment And Driving Distraction On Driving Safety

Distracted driving is an important factor in road traffic accidents,and the traffic environment is an external factor that directly or indirectly influences drivers' driving behaviour.There are differences in the effects of driving distractions on driving behaviour in different traffic environments,so it is necessary to combine the two factors of driving distractions and traffic environment.Through an in-depth investigation of the effects of driving distractions on driving safety in different traffic environments,theoretical support is provided to improve the study of driving distractions and improve road safety.Based on summarising the theoretical research related to driving distraction,a questionnaire was used to obtain typical driving distraction behaviours,and two distraction tasks,We Chat hands-free calling and voice messaging,were selected as research objects.Based on the driving simulator,four driving simulation scenarios(straight free flow,straight congested flow,curved free flow and curved congested flow)were built to carry out driving distraction tests in different traffic environments,collecting data on drivers' horizontal and vertical vehicle manoeuvring performance,reaction time and driving load,and analysing the effects of distraction tasks(hands-free calling and voice messaging)and traffic environments on driving behaviour respectively.The results of the study showed that the distracting task affected driving behaviour.In the four traffic environments,the driver's steering wheel slew rate at 0.5° and 2.5°,the standard deviation of lateral offset distance and standard deviation of lateral acceleration increased,following distance decreased and reaction time increased when performing the hands-free call task.When performing voice messaging tasks,the mean value of lateral offset distance decreases,the standard deviation of lateral offset distance,the standard deviation of lateral acceleration,following distance increases and reaction time increases.The traffic environment also affects driving behaviour.The mean lateral offset distance,the mean and standard deviation of lateral acceleration,following distance and reaction time change to varying degrees when driving in different traffic environments under certain driving conditions.Based on the emergency braking data of the self-car during the following,a tailgating collision probability model was established using a logistic regression model for four different traffic environments and two distraction tasks to predict the probability of tailgating collision and to conduct driving safety analysis.The results of the study showed that: the distraction task affects the probability of rear-end collision,and the probability of rear-end collision is higher when performing the distraction task during driving;the traffic environment also affects the probability of rear-end collision,and the probability of rear-end collision varies in different traffic environments when drivers perform the distraction task,and the probability of rear-end collision increases gradually with the sequence of the four traffic environments(curved free flow,curved congested flow,straight free flow,straight congested flow)gradually increases.