Study On Flowering Period Of Meconopsis Based On Digital Specimens

In recent years,with the obvious increase of global temperature,global warming has been widely concerned by people.Climate warming can affect the life cycle of plants,and the change of flowering date can directly reflect the adaptation of plants to the surrounding environment.Especially,alpine plants are more sensitive to climate change,so it is more representative to explore the flowering date of alpine plants.In order to know more about the specific response of plants to temperature changes in the flowering period,and to develop reasonable plant protection measures.This paper takes Meconopsis,a typical alpine plant,as an example.Based on the data of 3.056 samples of the alpine plant Meconopsis from 1880 to 2017 kept by the Chinese Virtual Herbarium(CVH),among them,the attribution years of flowering specimens were 104 years.The number of statistically significant flowering specimens was 1539,including 30 species of Meconopsis,using correlation analysis,the flowering period of Meconopsis in China was studied in time and space.The changing trend and influencing factors of the flowering period of Meconopsis under the background of climate warming were revealed.The results showed that:(1)Under the background of climate warming,the flowering period of Meconopsis plants as a whole showed a trend of postponing with the increase of years.Especially after 1950,M.integrifolia,M.punicea,M.racemosa,M.lancifolia,M.horridula and M.quintuplinervia showed a trend of delayed flowering with the increase of years.Among them,the most delayed flowering days were M.punicea,with an average of 6 days delayed flowering every 20 years.(2)Based on the analysis of the spatial variation of flowering time,it was found that with the increase of longitude,the flowering time of Meconopsis was advanced,and the flowering time was correspondingly advanced by 1.91 days for every one degree increase of longitude eastward.With the increase of latitude,the flowering time of Meconopsis was delayed,and the flowering time of Meconopsis was delayed by 6 days for every one degree increase in latitude to the north.With the increase of altitude,the flowering time of Meconopsis was delayed by 4.7 days for every 100 m increase in average altitude.(3)Based on the study of flowering period of Meconopsis based on temporal and spatial factors,it can be concluded that under the background of climate warming,the influence of year on flowering period of Meconopsis is extremely significant,and the flowering period of most species was consistent with the general trend of Meconopsis.In terms of geographical factors,longitude and altitude have the most obvious and extremely significant effects on flowering time of Meconopsis.The shift of climate along with longitude results in phenological difference of plants at altitude,and flowering time tends to be delayed with the increase of altitude.However,latitude variation had a significant effect on flowering time of Meconopsis.It showed that the alpine plant Meconopsis migrates to higher habitats when exposed to high temperatures,it also indicated that the response of plant phenology to climate change fully reflected the adaptability and selectivity of species evolution.