Research On Blind Quantum Computation With Circuit Model

Blind quantum computation(BQC)is an important branch of secure quantum computation.In blind quantum computation,the client delegates the work to the server that can perform the quantum computation,where the server cannot obtain the detailed information about the quantum input,the quantum algorithm used,and the output of the client.Focusing on blind quantum computation based on circuit model,we propose two solutions for the problem that quantum gates are exposed to the server.1)Blind quantum computation with hybrid model.Utilizing the combination of rotation operators to construct an arbitrary quantum gate,this scheme is divided into two phases.In the first phase,we design and define a new type of function operator,and the server executes these operators as required.In the second phase,a rotation operator or identity operator is implemented through quantum gate teleportation.Combining these two phases,the server cannot learn the quantum algorithm of the client.Whether the client wants to implement the single-qubit gate or double-qubit gate on the input state,this scheme can realize the quantum gate delegated by the client according to the operators which have been defined and can implement multiple quantum gates simultaneously according to the needs of the client,while protecting the privacy of the client's algorithm.In the case of honest server,the client only requires to execute X and Z gates.2)Blind quantum computation with quantum gate teleportation.In this protocol,the client encrypts the input state and sends the auxiliary state selected from the set of quantum states of the auxiliary resources prepared by the trusted center to the server.The protocol is divided into three parts,Block 1,Block 2 and Block 3,and a loop body structure is used to connect these three parts.According to the loop conditions,the server implements the corresponding parts in the protocol.Block 1 and Block 2 mainly utilize the quantum gate teleportation to perform rotation operations.Block 3 implements the CNOT gate on the input qubits indirectly.With the way that the client encrypts the quantum state and randomly selects the classical bits to realize the quantum gate teleportation,the server only requires to perform the quantum measurement and the quantum gates controlled by the classical bits,but cannot obtain the relevant information about the quantum computing task.This can make the whole quantum computing process more secure and procedural,while protecting the privacy of the client.