Research On Secure Multiparty Computing Protocol Based On Quantum Entanglement Property

In recent years,with the rise of supercomputers and quantum computers,more and more scholars have paid attention to the field of quantum cryptography.Quantum cryptography,as a new subject derived from cl as si cal cryptography and quantum mechanics,has a completely different security principle from classical cryptography.The security of classical cryptography only depends on the complexity of mathematical calculation,while quantum cryptography completely depends on the basic principles of quantum mechanics,thus achieving theoretical unconditional security.At present,people are making full use of the properties of quantum mechanics to solve security problems,and trying to use quantum cryptography protocol to achieve some difficult or even unsolvable security tasks in classical secure multiparty computing.Therefore,there are some new research branches,such as quantum security comparison,quantum private query,quantum security multiparty summation,etc.Quantum secure multiparty summation is a secure multiparty summation based on the basic principles of quantum mechanics.Secure multiparty summation is an important research branch of secure multiparty computation,which can be used to construct complex security protocols for other multiparty computation,especially numerical computation.In a secure multiparty computation,there are n participants and each participant has a secret data.They hope to correctly calculate the summation of these private data results without revealing private data of any party.The result of function f can be disclosed publicly or privately to a particular party.Then,researchers proposed to extend the classical secure multiparty summation to the quantum mechanics field,and designed some unique quantum secure multiparty summation protocols using different quantum information processing techniques.In this paper,we further investigate the problem and propose two quantum secure multiparty summation protocols based on entanglement swapping properties.The protocols are:1.Quantum security multiparty summation based on Bell state.This protocol takes advantage of the correlation between the result state and the initial state in entanglement swapping and proposes an efficient quantum secure multiparty summation protocol based on Bell states.In the proposed protocol,a semi-trusted third party is responsible for preparing Bell states,making these Bell states signal carriers,and distributing these carrier particles to the participants.Participants select the corresponding unitary operator according to their private data to encode the carrier particles.Then,participants conduct Bell basis measurement on the particles in their hands and publish the measurement results.Finally,the semi-trusted third party can calculate the summation result by using the particle initial state and the particle measurement result.By analyzing the situation of the protocol under common external and internal attacks,it shows that the proposed protocol is theoretically secure.2.Quantum security multiparty summation based on entanglement swapping.In this protocol,we present a quantum secure multiparty summation protocol,which allows multiple mutually distrustful parties to securely compute the summation of their secret data.In the presented protocol,a semi-trusted third party is introduced to help multiple parties to achieve this secure task.In the proposed protocol,the entanglement swapping of d-level cat states and Bell states is employed to securely transmit message between each party and the semi-trusted third party.Finally,the security of the protocol is analyzed,and it is shown that the protocol can resist some common external and internal attacks.