Investigation On Lycophytes And Ferns In Mulun National Nature Reserve

Mulun National Nature Reserve was the largest karst forest area in Guangxi,which occupies an important position in the global karst forest vegetation.It was a natural reference for studying the restoration and reconstruction of degraded karst forest ecosystem.Although some scholars have investigated the plants in this area one after another before,there has been no special investigation on lycophytes and ferns,and the species composition is still unclear.In order to find out the background of lycophytes and ferns in this area,accumulate species-related specimens,photos,DNA materials and GPS data of spatial distribution,and improve the ability of conservation and management,with the support of related projects,six field surveys were organized successively,and a total of 580 specimens were collected.On the basis of consulting relevant literature,field investigation,extensive specimen collection and indoor identification,the species composition of lycophytes and ferns in Mulun National Nature Reserve was basically found out,and their floristic characteristics,living habits,economic value,national key protection and threatened pteridophytes were summarized and analyzed;the research results are as follows:1.The Mulun National Nature Reserve has 279 species of lycophytes and ferns,belonging to 75 genera and 28 families,accounting for 70%,42.13% and 12.29% of the2270 species of lycophytes and ferns belonging to 178 genera and 40 families in China.Among them,Dryopteridaceae,Pteridaceae,Polypodiaceae,Thelypteridaceae,Athyridaceae,Selaginellaceae,Aspleniaceae and Dennstaedtiaceae are the dominant families(?15),with a total of 228 species belonging to 48 genera in 8 families,accounting for 28.57%,63.16%and 81.72% of the total families,genera and species of lycophytes and ferns in this area respectively.Pteris,Selaginella,Polystichum,Diplazium,Dryopteris,Cyclosorus,Asplenium,Microlepia and Cyrtomium are the dominant genera(?10),and there are 131 species in 9 genera,accounting for 12.00% and 46.95% of the total genera and species in this area,respectively.2.In Mulun National Nature Reserve,28 families of lycophytes and ferns can be divided into 6 areal types,and 75 genera can be divided into 11 areal types.Among them,the families of tropical elements account for 94.44% of the total families(except the families in cosmopolitan,the same below),and the genera of tropical elements account for 79.31%of the total genera.All families and genera in this area have obvious tropical properties.The279 species can be divided into 14 distribution types,with tropical elements,subtropical elements and endemic to China as the main ones,accounting for 35.16%,32.97% and 28.94%of the total species in this area,respectively.Among them,the subtropical elements in the distribution types of species are obviously increased,indicating that the distribution types of species can better explain the characteristics of lycophytes and ferns flora in this area.3.The Mulun National Nature Reserve has six kinds of national key protected lycophytes and ferns,all of which are of the second national level.It has 13 threatened species,including 2 Critically Endangerd(CR),6 Endangerd(EN)and 5 Vulnerable(VU).Among them,eight threatened ferns are endemic to China,and the threatened species are mainly because their populations are too small,and the risk of population disappearance or species extinction in China is high.4.On the living habits of lycophytes and ferns in Mulun National Nature Reserve,they can be divided into five types: terrestrial,lithophytes,facultative terrestrial and lithophytes,epiphytes,hydrophytes.Among them,there are 153 native plants,accounting for 54.84% of the total species in this area.5.There were 11 families,13 genera and 22 edible species of lycophytes and ferns in Mulun National Nature Reserve,accounting for 21.2% of the edible lycophytes and ferns in China.The edible parts are mainly young leaves.6.There were 27 families,66 genera and 152 species of medicinal lycophytes and ferns in Mulun National Nature Reserve,among which Pteris,Polypodiaceae,Thelypteridaceae,Dryopteridaceae and Aspleniaceae are the dominant families(?10),with 93 species in 5families,accounting for 18.52% and 61.18% of the total families and species of medicinal lycophytes and ferns in this area.Pteris,Asplenium,Selaginella,Adiantum,Leptochilus,Cyrtomium and Pyrrosia are the dominant genera(?5),and there were 60 species in 7genera,accounting for 10.61% and 39.47% of the total genera and species of medicinal lycophytes and ferns in this area.The medicinal parts of lycophytes and ferns in this area are mainly whole grasses;its medicinal effects are mainly heat-clearing.7.On the plant shape,leaf shape,sorus and indusium,young leaves of lycophytes and ferns in Mulun National Nature Reserve;some ferns also have the function of indication and restoration,which has a good application prospect.8.In the field investigation,four species were newly recorded in Guangxi,namely Diplazium nanchuanicum,Cyrtomium aequibasis,Cyrtomium chingianum and Cyrtomium shingianum.9.A key to each genus and species of lycophytes and ferns in Mulun National Nature Reserve was compiled(except monotypic family and genus),and a preliminary taxonomic study was made on them.