Physical Characteristics Of Zhuang Adults In Guangxi

Zhuang nationality is the most populous minority ethnic group in China,mainly concentrated in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China.Zhuang ancestors originated from the ‘Xi Ou' and ‘Luo Yue' recorded in historical records of the Qin and Han dynasties,and evolved from the ancient Yue people.Since ancient times,the Zhuang claimed to be various with him,and after 1965,it was officially named ‘Zhuang'.To investigate the physical features of the Guangxi Zhuang,the team in late October 2019 in Baiyu Town,Tianyang District,Baise City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and Huaiyuan Town,Yizhou District,Hechi City of Zhuang adults 949 cases(male 387,female 562)to 61 head face and body,18 body composition measurement and investigation of 17 observation index.Excle 2016,SPSS 22.0,R 4.0 and other software were used for statistical processing.The results are as follows :(1)the male and female of Guangxi Zhuang nationality are round head,high head and narrow face.With the increase of age,the head width,forehead width and head circumference of Guangxi Zhuang nationality decrease,nose width,mouth width,face and ear width increase.Forehead inclination is mostly straight,eyebrows are rare,eyebrow arch is not significant,upper eyelid fold is common,the occurrence rate of Mongolian fold is low,triangular earlobe is common,eye cleft height and nose root height are mostly medium level,nose dorsal and lateral view is mostly straight,nose base direction is mostly upturned,nose wing is wide.With the increase of age,the eyebrows of Zhuang adults tend to be thin,the incidence of Mongolian fold is lower,the height of eye cleft tends to narrow,the Angle of eye cleft tends to horizontal,the maximum diameter of nostril tends to horizontal,and the thickness of red lip becomes thinner.Baise Zhuang and Hechi Zhuang have similar head and facial features.(2)Both males and females in Guangxi Zhuang are of medium height,middle torso,wide chest,wide shoulder and wide pelvis.The mean values of body height,limb length and width of male were higher than those of female.With the increase of age,body height and limb length of Guangxi Zhuang adults gradually decreased.Height and chest circumference index,height and pelvis width index,shoulder width and pelvis width index,Ellisman height and chest circumference index,Vervaeck index,Vervaeck index,Rohrer index,Broca index,Livi index,Pelidisi index increased.There is no difference between Baise and Hechi Zhuang.(3)The girth and fold thickness of Zhuang men in Guangxi are larger than that of women.With the increase of age,the girth of Zhuang people increases,the circumference of limbs decreases,and the change of fold thickness is not obvious.The indexes of girth and skinfold thickness are pairwise and positively correlated.Compared with other ethnic groups,the adult girth and skinfold thickness of Zhuang ethnic group in Guangxi are close to those of southern ethnic group,and they are in the medium development level among the 14 ethnic groups.Baise Zhuang people's chest circumference,waist circumference,arm circumference,limb fold thickness,trunk fold thickness are greater than hechi Zhuang people's average.(4)The adult male body size of Zhuang nationality is 4.3-5.0-1.6,which belongs to mesodermal body type.Female body size is 4.6-4.8-1.4,belonging to endoderm-mesoderm equilibrium body size.The body shape of Guangxi Zhuang ethnic group is similar to that of south Asian ethnic group.(5)The putative bone mass,heat,moisture rate,BMI,visceral fat grade,total muscle mass,muscle mass of limbs and trunk of Zhuang adults were higher than that of females,while the physiological age,total fat percentage,fat percentage of limbs and trunk were lower than that of females.With the increase of age,the physiological age,visceral fat grade and body fat rate of Zhuang nationality gradually increased,while the amount of heat and muscle gradually decreased.(6)Men lower birth weight is balanced ectoderm more size,more than normal weight for partial endoderm mesoderm,overweight and obese is partial endoderm mesoderm shape more,women lower birth weight is partial mesoderm endoderm more size,more than normal weight for the endoderm,mesoderm balanced type,overweight and obese are partial endoderm mesoderm shape.With the increase of BMI,the values of internal factor and middle factor increased,while the values of external factor decreased.(7)The Baise Zhuang factor mean greater than Hechi Zhuang,the mean factor,external factor has no obvious difference in Baise Zhuang BMI,body fat rate,visceral fat levels,limbs and body fat rate were greater than the Hechi Zhuang,no difference between the amount of muscle.(8)Compared to the northern nationalities and the Guangxi Zhuang higher body height,sitting height is small,and on narrow surface appearance is higher,the nose is higher.Compared with yao people,Zhuang people have wider mouth,wider ears and smaller nose.The physical characteristics of Zhuang people in Guangxi are closest to those of southern China and have the characteristics of South Asian ethnic groups.(9)In recent 30 years,the head width of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi increased,the face width decreased,the nose height decreased,the upper eyelid fold rate was higher,the Mongolian fold rate was lower,the eye cleft inclination tended to be horizontal,the nasal back was straighter,the direction of nasal base tended to be upturned,the height change was not obvious,the weight and waist circumference increased.On the whole,Zhuang adults in Guangxi are similar to Maonan,Shui,Buyi,Dai and other southern ethnic groups,and have the physical characteristics of South Asian ethnic groups.