The Research On Farmland Meteorological Monitoring System Based On LoRa

With the development of the country,the emerging industry of smart agriculture is gradually based on the national strategic level,and intelligent,precise,and digital agricultural production will become a powerful driving force for the sustainable development of my country's agriculture.In the development process of smart agriculture,the effective monitoring of farmland meteorological data is the basic link.However,because most farmlands have a wide range of farming and complex farming environments,most farmland meteorological data monitoring equipment is faced with data Problems such as long transmission delay,a small range of data information collection,poor stability of transmission signal,and insufficient data collection types.Based on the above reasons,given the special application scenario and data transmission requirements of farmland,the actual research situation at home and abroad,and the postgraduate scientific and technological innovation project "Design and Development of Large-scale Farmland Meteorological Monitoring System" project number: KJCX2021-108 MDJNU,this paper based on LoRa The key technologies in the farmland meteorological monitoring system of wireless communication technology are researched,and the main research work includes the following aspects:First,by analyzing the research status of agricultural Internet of Things systems at home and abroad,the shortcomings of existing agricultural Internet of Things systems,and the special application requirements of agricultural Internet of Things systems,the overall design scheme of the farmland meteorological monitoring system is formulated.The scheme is based on LoRa wireless communication Technology,design and realizes the interaction between gateway equipment,terminal equipment,and the Internet of a Things cloud server to expand the data collection range of the system,enhance the adaptability of the system too complex environments,and improve the robustness of data transmission of the system.Second,the hardware composition of the system is designed.The LoRa gateway is mainly composed of the ESP32 microcontroller and SX1278 LoRa radio frequency chip.The low-cost single-channel LoRa gateway is built through the SX1278 LoRa radio frequency chip.LoRa terminal equipment is composed of STM32L4 microcontroller,SX1278 LoRa radio frequency chip,temperature,humidity,light intensity,wind direction,wind speed,and rainfall.A single LoRa terminal equipment can complete the collection of various environmental meteorological data.Thirdly,the software of the system was designed.The gateway part adopts ESP32 as the core microprocessor and completed the construction of LoRa gateway,the construction of the Tencent Cloud LoRa server,the transplantation of LWIP,and the modification and adaptation of the LoRaWan protocol stack.The LoRa terminal part uses STM32L4 For the core microprocessor,it has completed the transplantation of RT-Thread real-time operating system,the development of LoRaWan protocol stack,terminal UI design,monitoring function,and communication design.Fourthly,the functional test of the system was completed.According to the test plan,the data monitoring of the equipment,the network access situation,the transmission distance,the transmission packet loss rate,and the cloud server communication packet loss rate were tested respectively.After testing,the overall system works stably,the monitoring data is accurate,the LoRa WAN network is stably established,and the cloud data upload is stable and correct.When the spreading factor is 12,the transmission distance of a single terminal device can reach 1.2Km,and the device data upload packet loss rate is less than 5%.The system design effect is in line with the expected goal,and the design scheme provides a technical reference for the farmland meteorological monitoring system based on LoRa wireless communication technology.