Discrimination Of Red Wines Using Fluorescent Materials Based-sensor Array

Red wine is one of the major wines in the world.Drinking red wine in moderation can promote blood circulation,relieve fatigue,improve appetite,soften blood vessels,prevent human aging and prolong life.With the increasing amount of red wine consumption,fake and inferior products have also emerged,and these fake and inferior products endanger people's health.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a rapid method for the identification of red wine.In this research,upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)were chosen as fluorophore due to their excellent properties,such as low background interference,high fluorescence intensity,stable photochemical properties.In order to strengthen the interaction between UCNPs and analytes,UCNPs were modified by guanidine,sulfonic acid and phosphonyl groups,respectively.The fluorescence of those modified UCNPs could be quenched by tannic acid from red wine.A sensor array based on UCNPs was constructed to rapidly identify dry Cabernet Sauvignon wines from different regions.Firstly,the oil-soluble UCNPs with diameter of about 40 nm were successfully synthesized by solvothermal method;and were further modified by reverse microemulsion method.These UCNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),infrared spectrometer(IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray electron spectroscopy(EDS),respectively.All these results showed that the three groups were successfully modified onto the surface of the UCNPs.Secondly,the effects of different wine ingredients,buffer systems,pH and reaction time on the sensing system were investigated,respectively.By analyzing the experimental data,the test conditions of the sensor array are as follows:UCNPs@GDN,UCNPs@SO3H and UCNPs@PO(OH)2 were dissolved in pH7.0 HEPES,respectively;UCNPs@GDN+UCNPs@SO3H and UCNPs@GDN+UCNPs@PO(OH)2 were dissolved in pH9.0 PBS,respectively;UCNPs@GDN+UCNPs@SO3H+UCNPs@PO(OH)2 was dissolved in pH6.0 TRIS-HCl.Finally,the constructed sensor array was evaluated with different red wines that obtained from dry Cabernet Sauvignon wines from China,Spain,Australia,France,the United States,Argentina,Chile,South Africa and Italy,respectively.The obtained data were analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA).These results showed that the present sensor array could completely separate dry Cabernet Sauvignon wines that come from different regions.The developed sensor array has potential in the rapid identification of red wines.