Research On The Oil And Gas Cooperation Between Japan And Indonesia After World War ?

Indonesia has become a key layout country of Japan after World War II due to its rich resources,considerable strategic location,vast market and cheap labor force.Based on the theory of interdependence and the international movement theory of production factors,this paper first explains the motivations,cooperation methods,and contents of the oil and gas cooperation between Japan and Indonesia.The true oil and gas cooperation between Japan and Indonesia began after World War ?.This article divides the oil and gas cooperation process between Japan and Indonesia after World War ? into four stages,namely the period of rapid development(1942-1973),the period of relative stagnation(1974-1980),the period of new expansion(1981-2003)and The period of normal cooperation(2004-2020).There are three main factors for oil and gas cooperation between Japan and Indonesia:from the perspective of energy structure,Japan's capital and technology advantages and Indonesia's energy advantages complement each other;from the perspective of industrial structure,the strategic adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure of the two countries rely on oil and gas cooperation.From a geopolitical point of view,the Strait of Malacca guarded by Indonesia is of great significance to Japan's maritime energy security strategic channel.In addition,Japan took the opportunity of oil and gas cooperation as an opportunity to deepen mutual political trust with Indonesia and seek regional dominance.Based on the above background,this article describes the current status of Japan-Indonesia oil and gas cooperation.First of all,from the perspective of bilateral trade and investment,the total import and export of oil and gas resources accounted for a large proportion of the total bilateral trade,and the energy cooperation between the two countries is progressing relatively smoothly.Secondly,from the perspective of cooperation methods,the support and promotion of government policy provides political guarantee for Japanese companies to enter the Indonesian oil and gas market,and large enterprises and private capital actively participate in it.Finally,in terms of cooperation content,Japan participates in the exploration and development of upstream oil and gas in Indonesia through investment and acquisitions,and participates in the downstream through investment and construction of infrastructure such as Indonesian oil and gas pipelines and oil refineries.The two countries also cooperate in oil and gas technology.Japan provides technical services to Indonesia.After the war,Japan used economic aid to deeply cultivate the Indonesian oil and gas market,but the oil and gas cooperation between the two countries still has shortcomings and constraints,mainly reflected in:from the perspective of trade balance,due to the different economic development levels of the two countries,Indonesia has maintained long-term trade Deficit;in terms of cooperation methods,the breadth and depth of cooperation between the two countries are insufficient,and the necessary mechanisms for oil and gas cooperation,dispute resolution,and regional collaborative cooperation are still lacking.From the perspective of cooperation results,due to Japan's recent The development funds and technology have decreased,the cooperation between the two countries has declined,and the cooperation results have been limited.From the perspective of investment risks,Indonesia's domestic situation is relatively unstable,which poses certain risks for Japan's overseas deployment to Indonesia.Some of the experience gained by Japan in the Indonesian oil and gas market cooperation practice has important implications and reference significance for China to develop the Indonesian oil and gas market.Finally,this article makes strategic recommendations for the benign interaction between China and Indonesia in the future oil and gas cooperation.