| The lightweight grid of lead-acid batteries has become an important research direction for the development of lead-acid batteries.Aluminum has the advantages of low density,light weight,and good electrical conductivity.It is expected to be used in lead-acid batteries to reduce the weight of the battery and increase the energy density.This dissertation systematically studies the lead plating process of aluminum substrate,and uses the lead-plated electrode grids for the production of lead-acid batteries.The feasibility of using lead-plated aluminum grids for lead-acid batteries is investigated.The research in this paper is divided into three parts,including the research on the pre-treatment zinc leaching process of aluminum-based lead plating,the improvement of zinc leaching process,and the feasibility study of aluminum-based lead-plated grids for lead-acid batteries.The first part:Because of the high activity of aluminum,some special pre-treatments are often required before the aluminum parts are electroplated.This article uses zinc dipping treatment to generate a zinc layer replacement layer on the aluminum surface to replace the more active aluminum surface.The formulations based on ZnO and NaOH were systematically studied,and the effects of the introduction of different metal ions and different zinc salts on the effect of zinc impregnation were studied.The study found that adding other metal ions to the zinc leaching solution can effectively improve the quality of zinc leaching.The addition of FeCl3causes the stable potential to positively shift during the zinc leaching process,which is conducive to refining the crystal and causing a small displacement reaction with aluminum to form zinc.Ferroalloy makes the zinc coating more dense.The addition of NiSO4mainly affects the nucleation step,can refine the crystallization,and is conducive to improving the adhesion between the subsequent coating and the aluminum base.As a corrosion inhibitor,the addition of NaNO3can positively shift the stable potential of the zinc dipping process,which is beneficial to improving the quality of the replacement layer.A better range is 2-4g/L.Different zinc salts have a great influence on the effect of zinc impregnation.Five kinds of zinc salts,ZnO,ZnSO4,Zn(NO3)2,Zn(CH3COO)2,and ZnCl2,have been studied.The results show that Zn(NO3)2is used as the source of zinc.When zinc is used,the effect of zinc impregnation is the best.The zinc impregnation layer is dense and the crystal grains are uniform in size.When other zinc sources are used,the zinc impregnation layer is unevenly covered and the crystal grains are large or small.So Zn(NO3)2has the best effect.Complexing agents also have a certain effect on the effect of zinc impregnation.Get optimized zinc dipping formula:20-45 g/L Zn(NO3)2,60-100 g/L NaOH,6-12 g/L NiSO4,0.5-1.5 g/L FeCl3,70-110g/L potassium sodium tartrate,2-4 g/L NaNO3.The second part:In order to further improve the quality of the zincation layer and the corrosion resistance of the zincation layer,this chapter studies the formulation of zincation,improves the quality of the zincation layer by adding rare earth ions to the zincation solution,and studies the Ce3+and La3+.The effect of several rare earth ions on the effect of zinc leaching,and research on the technology of zinc leaching,the study found that Ce3+,La3+two kinds of rare earth ions have a certain effect on the crystallization effect of the zinc leaching layer.After a second zinc immersion for 30s,the zinc immersion temperature can be treated at(25±2)?to obtain a dense replacement layer on the aluminum surface.The addition of rare earth ions can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the replacement layer.Ce(NO3)3is 0.2-0.9 g/L,and the preferred range of La Cl3is 0.3-0.9 g/L.The third Part:The application of lead plating technology and process specifications on aluminum grids is systematically studied.In this paper,a fluoroborate system is used to study the lead plating formula and process on a copper substrate,and then the lead plating process is transferred to an aluminum substrate.Through Hull cell experiments and constant current experiments,the effects of plating solution composition and process conditions on electroplated lead were studied.The Tafel curve was used to investigate the corrosion resistance of electroplated lead.Get optimized electroplating lead process:135-155 g/L Pb O,50-60g/L free HBF4,12-17 g/L free H3BO3,0.2-0.4 g/L gelatin.The temperature is 45-55?,Dk1-3A/dm2.This process is applied to aluminum-based electroplating.After the pretreatment of the aluminum substrate,a lead-plated layer with good adhesion and corrosion resistance is obtained.Finally,the assembly and performance test of the aluminum-based lead-plated plate lead-acid battery were completed.The results show that the performance of the aluminum-based lead-plated plate lead-acid battery basically reaches the performance of the conventional lead-plated grid battery.Lead-acid batteries are feasible. |
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