| The printing industry of China has become an important part of Chinese cultural industry.And also,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),emitted due to the use of organic solvent-based raw and auxiliary materials in the printing production processes,have important impacts on the ambient air quality.The printing industry has therefore become one of the key control industries for VOCs emissions in China.But the current regulation and control method of VOCs from the printing industry are still mainly focused on end-of-pipe emissions control and lack of integrate evaluation of benefit.It is very important for scientific reduction of VOCs emission from printing industry to investigate emission characteristics of VOCs and strengthen the integrate environmental benefit analysis for control measures.The VOCs emission status from Shanghai printing industry has been investigated and monitored on site,and VOCs species were identified.The balance point based on cost-benefit analysis for treatment technology has been studied according to integrate environmental benefit analysis method.A scenario analysis was conducted to simulate printing industrial cluster zone which is encouraged in China,and the environmental inpacts was assessed.Some typical printing companies were selected for analysis of real emission.The main results were gained as follows:(1)The typical printing companies above designated size in shanghai were invesitigated,while the consumption of raw and auxiliary materials and VOCs emissions from different printing types were studied.Results indicated that the use of pring ink is the primary source of VOCs emission.The replacement ratio of environmentally friendly inks for flexographic,gravure and letterpress printing companies is gradually increasing,but solvent-bawed printing ink still predominate for the gravure printing industry.Through comparision of VOCs emission from different printing types,the contribution of flexographic and letterpress printing processes to VOCs is still not neglected.(2)The VOCs emission species of different printing formats were compared by combining investigation of the source spectrum of the printing industry in the Speciate database of the United States with the actual measurement of typical printing companies.The results showed that the types of pollutants emitted by different format printing companies are very different.Lithographic printing companies mainly emitted alkane VOCs;gravure and flexographic printing companies mainly emitted oxygen-containing VOCs;letterpress printing printing companies mainly emitted aromatic hydrocarbon VOCs.The ozone generation potential of VOCs in the printing industry were analyzed on the basis of MIR(Maximum Incremental Reactivity),and the material balance method was used to calculate the VOCs emission coefficient of the printing industry.efficiency of end-of-gas treatment facilities.(3)The ArcGIS model was used to analyze the spatial distribution of printing companies and their VOCs emissions in Shanghai.The results indicated that the research of printing companies and their pollutants emissions are mainly distributed in Pudong New Area and Songjiang District while the emission amounts of VOCs was highest in Pudong New Area.The AERMOD model was adopted to predict and analyze the possible impacts of the hypothetical printing company's centralized emission scenario.The results showed that the environmenta impats of centralized emission is affected by the height of the emission source and the dominant wind direction which,to some extent,can provided reference for the development of printing industry parks.(4)In order to support the choice of VOCs control technology,the cross-media environmental benefit analysis method was used to analyze the balance point of cost-benefit analysis theoretically.Through combining actual research and measured VOCs emission data,the comprehensive environmental benefits of environmentally friendly printing ink source substitution and end exhaust gas treatment technology were compared. |
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