Study On The Composition And Physiological Activity Of Amaranth

The ancients of our country paid special attention to grains,and there was a saying that“grains are nourishment”.Cereals are the main source of food for our people,and grain nutrition is the most basic nutritional requirement in life.Pseudocereals are similar to grains.Ingestion of pseudocereals and their products can prevent and treat chronic diseases,such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia.In order to make full use of the edible and medicinal functions of Amaranth,in this study,Amaranth was used as raw materials to analyze the general compositions,polyphenols,total flavonoids,amino acids and minerals of the Amaranth;from the perspective of the hot water extract(AWE)and ethanol extract(AEE)of the Amaranth.The content of polyphenols and total flavonoids in the extracts,and 5 methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Amaranth extracts;through the in vitro inhibition of cancer cell proliferation experiments,the effect of the Amaranth extracts on the A549 was further evaluated,MDA-MB and PC3proliferation.The aim is to increase the utilization rate of Amaranth,promote the further development of Amaranth,and provide a theoretical basis for expanding the consumption market of Amaranth.The main findings are as follows:1.Research on general components and physiologically active components of AmaranthThe protein content of Amaranth is 15.38%,carbohydrates 62.58%,moisture 13.19%,ash2.88%and lipids 5.97%;Amaranth contain 2 kinds of vitamins,namely vitamin E and vitamin B₆;8 mineral elements were detected in Amaranth.The 4 macro elements were potassium,calcium,magnesium and phosphorus,and the 4 trace elements were iron,zinc,copper and manganese;17 kinds of amino acids and 7 kinds of essential amino acids were detected in Amaranth.There are 10 kinds of amino acids;the content of polyphenols in the physiologically active components of Amaranth is 4.36 mg/g,and the content of total flavonoids is 1.26 mg/g.2.Study on the antioxidant activity of Amaranth extractBoth AWE and AEE contain polyphenols and total flavonoids.The contents of polyphenols and total flavonoids in AEE(33.62 mg/g and 21.30 mg/g,respectively)are higher than those in AWE;the two kinds of Amaranth extracts have certain iron reduction ability and free radical scavenging ability,and as the mass concentration of Amaranth extract increases,the reducing ability and antioxidant capacity gradually increase,but the same concentration conditions The antioxidant capacity of AEE is higher than that of AWE,but both are lower than ascorbic acid.3.Study on the anticancer activity of extracts from AmaranthWithin the range of measured concentrations(1.9,3.9,7.8,15.6,31.2,62.5,125,250,500,1000?g/m L),neither AWE nor AEE had significant effects on human embryonic kidney cells293(HEK293)Cytotoxicity;AWE has no inhibitory effect on the proliferation of A549 cells,MDA-MB cells and PC3 cells,and AEE has a certain inhibitory effect on the proliferation of three kinds of cancer cells.4.In vitro digestion of Amaranth seeds and its inhibitory effect on?-amylase and?-glucosidasePolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)showed that the high molecular weight bands disappeared after the Amaranth were digested in vitro.;Amaranth have a certaininhibitory effect on?-amylase and?-glucosidase after digestion,and their IC₅₀values are2.661 mg/m L and3.049 mg/m L,;the digested Amaranth inhibit?-amylase stronger than?-glucosidase.This study has clarified the nutritional quality characteristics and physiological activity of Amaranth,which will facilitate the further development and application of Amaranth,and provide an important basis for the edible,medicinal and economic value of Amaranth,which is useful for new foods.Development and utilization of new food resources are of great significance.