Design And Research Of Small Five-axis Machine Tool With Force Measurement Function

At present,five-axis machine tools are more and more widely used because they can process complex curved surfaces.In order to cultivate college students' programming ability and checking function of machining programs,and to realize machine tools with cutting process function control for scientific research needs,machine tools must have force measurement function.Therefore,this paper aims to design a small five-axis machine tool system with force measurement function,which conforms to the development direction of "intelligent manufacturing",and its small characteristics can be used in the research and teaching of college machine tools.The main research work of this paper is as follows:(1)According to the design requirements of the machine tool,the overall design parameters are determined.According to the design parameters,the spindle system,linear feed system and rotary feed system of the small five-axis machine tool are designed,and the key parts are theoretically checked,thus completing the structural design of the small five-axis machine tool.(2)The structural design of the machine tool based on force measurement function is carried out.The combination of the spindle box and octagonal ring is selected as the force measurement structure,and the multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization based on response surface is carried out on the force measurement spindle box.The optimized model is simulated and theoretically analyzed to verify the optimization result and complete the structural design of the spindle box with force measurement function.(3)In order to study the interference of cutting force measurement in the force measuring system of machine tools,the sticking positions of resistance strain gauge sensors in X,Y and Z directions of the force measuring spindle box are determined according to the force deformation principle of the ring and simulation analysis.The force measuring results in the three directions are analyzed by finite element simulation and bridge output theory to determine whether there is cross interference.The calibration experiment is proposed to determine the coupling matrix so as to eliminate the force measuring interference in Z direction.At the same time,the method of making small gaps in the structure is proposed to increase the measuring strain.(4)In order to give full play to the structural performance of the machine tool,static and dynamic analysis is carried out on the key components of the machine tool and the whole machine,topological optimization is carried out on the upright column according to the analysis results,multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization is carried out on the sliding table,and static analysis,modal analysis and harmonic response analysis are carried out on the optimized machine tool to verify the optimization effect of the machine tool.(5)Set up a static loading experiment platform,carry out static loading experiments on the force measuring experiment pieces,load the three directions respectively,obtain the functional relationship between the force and the output voltage,fit the data with the least square method,and obtain a coupling calibration matrix according to the fitting curve,so as to determine the force measuring model of the force measuring system,and carry out error experimental analysis on the measuring model.In this paper,the research on key technologies of force measurement function of small five-axis machine tools is carried out,which has important theoretical significance and practical application value for the research on real-time monitoring of cutting forces and "intelligent manufacturing" of machine tools.