| Areca catechu Linn is made into areca chewing tablets by deep processing for people to chew directly,which are popular in recent years.Smoking can bring about benzo(a)pyrene pollution,which may result in thehigh contentof benzo(a)pyrene in smoked areca.However,research on the change and regulation of benzo(a)pyrene in the process of areca processing is still lacking.Therefore,the determination method of benzo(a)pyrene in areca was established and the increasing and decreasing rule of benzo(a)pyrene content in smoked areca was studied in this paper.The processing procedures which had significant influence on benzo(a)pyrene content of smoked areca was found out,then the relevant processing parameters to reduce the benzo(a)pyrene content in smoked areca was optimized,and the safetyof smoked areca was improved.The results were as follows:1.Single factor experiment was designed with extraction solvent,solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic time and temperature as experimental factors,and orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize extraction conditions,and then the instrument parameters of liquid chromatography to improve the separation degree of target peak and hybrid peak was optimized.The results showed thatthe highest contentof benzo(a)pyrene was obtained when acetonitrile was used as extraction solvent,the solid-liquid ratio was 1:6,the ultrasonic temperature was 50 ?,and the ultrasonic time was 8 minutes.With acetonitrile: water = 83:17 as mobile phase,flow rate of1 mL / min,the target peak of benzo(a)pyrene could be completely separated from other peaks.The detection limitwas 0.06?g/kg and the quantitative limit was 0.2?g/kg in this method,theaverage recovery ratewas between 80.31%-98.73%,and the precision was between 3.36%-8.26%.This method had the advantages of high extraction efficiency and recovery rate,good sensitivity,and its precision and accuracy could meet the requirements of the analytical method.2.By determining the content of benzo(a)pyrene in the smoked areca before and after processing procedures,the processes that significantly affecting the content of benzo(a)pyrene in the smoked areca were found out.The results showed that the highest content of benzo(a)pyrene was found in the smoking dried areca material.During the next processing,the content of benzo(a)pyrene decreased continuously.After processing,the total reduction rate of benzo(a)pyrene was 46.77%.The reduction rate of benzo(a)pyrene content was 35.49% after preceding process,and there was an extremely significant difference before and after the processing(P<0.01).The reduction rate of benzo(a)pyrene content was 17.48% after post process,and there was significant difference before and after processing(P< 0.05).The effect of preceding process on the content of benzo(a)pyrene was higher than that of post process.In the preceding process,boiling,seeding and cleaning process had significant influence on the content of benzo(a)pyrene,the most significant one was the boiling process.Thereduction rate of benzo(a)pyrene content was 15.21%(P<0.01)byboiling process,10.05%(P< 0.01)by seeding process and 7.41%(P< 0.05)by cleaning process.High temperature dryinghad no significant effect on the content of benzo(a)pyrene in smoked areca(P> 0.05).3.Through the design of single factor experiments and response surface experiments,the process parameters of cleaning and boiling were optimizedto reduce the benzo(a)pyrene content in smoked areca.The results showed that when the cleaning time was 6 minutes,the cleaning temperature was 60 ?,and the solid-liquid ratio was 1:3,the reduction rate of benzo(a)pyrene in smoked areca was21.57%.There was an extremely significant difference in the content of benzo(a)pyrene before and after cleaning(P< 0.01).In the boiling process,2% NaOH was added for alkali boiling,the ratio of material to liquid was 1:3,the boiling time was 35 minutes and the reduction rateof benzo(a)pyrene was 43.13%.The content of benzo(a)pyrene before and after boiling process was extremely significantly different(P<0.01).Under this condition,there was no significant effect on the appearance quality of smoked areca.Through cleaning and boiling process optimization,the total reduction rate of benzo(a)pyrene residue from dried smoked areca to finished product was 61.93%,which was 32.41% higher than that of before optimization. |
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