Design And Performance Study Of Unidirectional Moisture Transport Property Woven Fabric

The unidirectional moisture transport property fabric can effectively control the humidity of the microclimate between the skin and the fabric.It is a functional textile with moisture absorption,moisture conduction,and moisture dissipation properties.Its unidirectional moisture transmission effect can effectively improve the comfort of clothing.Although there are many researches on the unidirectional moisture conductivity of woven fabrics by structural design method,most of them focus on the influence of tightness and structure on the moisture conductivity,while the research on the transmission and spreading path of dynamic moisture in fabrics is rarely involved.This subject develops a woven fabric with unidirectional moisture-conducting function from the perspective of structural design method.Using viscose fiber and honeycomb microporous polyester fiber as raw materials,two groups of unidirectional moisture transport property fabrics were prepared on the basis of exploring the effects of fiber raw materials and structure on the moisture conductivity of fabrics.One group is the raw material arrangement group.By changing the arrangement of warp and weft yarns in the direction of fabric thickness,five kinds of fabrics with different gradients of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of inner and outer layers are prepared,and fabrics with different bonding methods and different densities are designed.The other group is the tissue design group.Five kinds of fabrics with different average floating lengths are formed.The thickness,gram weight,air permeability,variation of moisture content with time,wetting time,moisture absorption speed,liquid moisture spreading speed,maximum wetting radius and unidirectional transfer index of the two groups of fabrics were tested.And combined with the moisture spreading diagram and the dynamic moisture transfer diagram of the fabric,the effects of warp and weft arrangement,joint mode,fabric density and floating length on the above properties are comprehensively analyzed.The horizontal spreading and longitudinal transport of moisture in the fabric are further analyzed,and then the application optimization analysis of unidirectional moisture transport property fabric is carried out,the main conclusions drawn in this paper are as follows:(1)The different arrangement sequence of warp and weft yarns has little effect on fabric thickness,gram weight and air permeability;with the number of splices and fabric density increase,the fabric thickness decreases,gram weight increases,and the air permeability decreases;With the increase of the average floating length of the inner layer of the fabric,the gram weight of the fabric decreases,the thickness and permeability of the fabric have a tendency to increase,but the thickness and permeability of the fabric T are outside the law of change.Although the inner concave and convex honeycomb structure makes it the thickest,its middle groove thickness is smaller which makes the air circulation resistance is smaller and its air permeability is better.(2)Fiber materials with different moisture absorption properties can be arranged on both sides of the fabric by using the organizational structure.The change in the direction of the drip test does not affect the moisture always tends to transfer to the side with good hydrophilicity.Which is reflected in the water content change curve,including the rising starting point of the curve is early,the wetting time is short,and the water content is high,and the greater the difference between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the inner and outer fiber materials,the better the directional transfer performance of moisture in the fabric.(3)The increase in the number of joints increases the number of interlacing of the inner and outer layers of yarns,resulting in a decrease in the gradient of the difference in hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the inner and outer layers.The unidirectional transfer index decreases from 272.18 to 136.63,and the unidirectional transfer property of moisture weakens.With the increase of fabric density,the channel of water flow is becoming smaller and it is difficult for water to transfer downward.The unidirectional transfer index decreases from 314.67 to-325.92.The wetting gradient effect is restrained and the unidirectional moisture property decreases sharply.(4)With the increase of the average floating length of the inner layer of the fabric,the unidirectional transfer index tends to increase.Among them,the average floating length of the inner layer of the fabric W1 is 4,and its unidirectional transfer index is 29.84% higher than that of the fabric S1 with the average floating length of the inner layer of 1.33.For fabric W with the loosest organization,the moisture absorption of the inner layer lags behind the outer layer to the greatest extent,the moisture absorption speed and liquid moisture spreading speed of the inner layer are the slowest,the maximum wetting radius difference between the inner and outer layers is the largest,and the W1 unidirectional transfer index is the largest,which is 448.57.The concave and convex structure of honeycomb tissue limits the horizontal moisture spreading,most of the water is continuously transmitted to the outer layer.The inner layer of the fabric T has the longest wetting time and the highest moisture absorption speed,but the liquid moisture spreading speed is smaller,the maximum wetting radius difference between the inner and outer layers is large,and the unidirectional transfer index of T1 is 404.84.(5)The fiber with high hygroscopicity is arranged on the side close to the external environment,and the fiber with low hygroscopicity is arranged on the side close to the human body,which can discharge human sweat from the inside to the outside and isolate the external moisture from the human body to a certain extent.On this basis,the internal loose and external tight organization structure is adopted,and a reasonable internal concave and external convex structure design or long floating long line design for the inner tissue,reducing the number of joints and choose the appropriate fabric density to further improve the fabric unidirectional moisture transport capacity.