Research On Fabrication And Properties Of Nanoporous Composites Based On Zr-Cu Amorphous Alloy

Nanoporous metal is a new kind of metal functional material,which contains a large number of nano-scale pore structures that connect with each other.Nanoporous metal has a large specific surface area,high electrochemical activity and good electronic conductivity,so it has important applications in the fields of energy,catalysis,and sensing.Amorphous alloy is an ideal precursor for preparing nanoporous composites due to the advantages of a single phase composition,avoiding compound phase and wide composition range.In this paper,a series of nanoporous composite materials with good structural and functional properties are prepared on the basis of nanoporous copper（dealloying method）.Their applications in the field of glucose sensors and supercapacitors are evaluated.The main content can be divided into the following aspects:（1）Preparation of nanoporous copper/copper hydroxide composites and their catalytic properties for glucose solution.Zr₅₀Cu₅₀ amorphous alloy was used as the precursor,and nanoporous copper with uniform pore size and mechanical properties was prepared by chemical dealloying.A simple one-step oxidation method was used to prepare nanoporous copper/copper hydroxide composites with uniform growth and good morphology.The effects of different oxidation voltages and times on the nanostructure of copper hydroxide were investigated.The hybrid electrode shows high electrochemical activity in the glucose sensor test.Its sensitivity can reach 1.866 m A cm^-2 m M^-1 when the response range is 10μM-10 m M.The electrode can detect glucose concentrationthe of the blood,shows good cyclic stability and good anti-interference ability in oxygen-free and sodium chloride solution.（2）Preparation of nanoporous copper-supported nickel/nickel hydroxide nanoparticle composites and exploration of their energy storage performance.The electrochemical deposition method was used to deposit nickel/nickel hydroxide nanoparticles on the nanoporous copper substrate.The effects of different deposition voltages and deposition times on the surface morphology and distribution were investigated.This structure combines the high capacity of nickel/nickel hydroxide with the good electronic conductivity of nanoporous copper.Electrochemical tests show that the active material has a specific capacitance of 505.5 C/g and good multiplier performance at high current densities.The hybrid electrode can still maintain a certain capacity after 500 cycles,which has the potential to be applied to asymmetric supercapacitor materials with high power and energy density.（3）Preparation of nanoporous Cu/Ni by adding Ni element to the matrix.Based on Zr-Cu amorphous alloy and dealloying method,nanoporous copper/nickel was prepared by directly adding different proportions of nickel（0.5,1,3,5 at.%）to the matrix.The addition of nickel significantly refined the pore size of nanoporous materials.Comparing the difference in performance between nanoporous copper/nickel and oxidized（Cu/Ni）（OH）₂,the non-oxidized nanoporous Cu/Ni shows higher electrochemical activity.The experiment explored the application potential of nanoporous Cu/Ni(made of Zr₅₀Cu₄₅Ni₅)with the highest anode current density in the direction of glucose sensor and supercapacitors.The hybrid electrode shows high capacitance and good cycling performance.The sensitivity to glucose oxidation can reach 2.707（10μM-4.5 m M）and 1.806（4.5-10 m M）m A cm^-2 m M^-1.So the hybrid electrode has great application potential in both fields.