Study On The Simulation And Emergency Prevention And Control Of Oil Leakage And Dispersion Accident In Oil Depot

In recent years,with the increase in demand for crude oil reserves in China,crude oil depots have continued to develop toward large-scale intensification.The existence of storage tank leakage risks puts strict requirements on the safety management of oil depots.After an oil leakage accident occurs in a storage tank,the fluidity of the oil will cause the oil to flow and spread along the ground,which not only increases the risk of fire in the crude oil depots,but also causes serious pollution to the surrounding environment.This paper focuses on the law of crude oil flow and dispersion after tank rupture and emergency prevention and control measures for oil depot leakage accidents.According to the leakage source model,the leakage rate of crude oil after the rupture of tank wall is calculated.By comparing different research methods of liquid pool expansion,the most suitable method for the research of crude oil dispersion is selected.Based on Flow 3D software,RNG turbulence model,VOF method and single phase fluid are used to simulate the flow and dispersion of leaked crude oil.The existing experimental results are used to verify the numerical simulation method.This paper studies the dispersion state of the leaked crude oil in single tank,double tank and crude oil depot after the tank rupture accident.The dispersion velocity of crude oil,the impact pressure of crude oil on the dike and the spillage of crude oil are analyzed.The dispersion patterns of leaked crude oil in different tank areas are displayed intuitively.This paper studies the safety of the dike under the accident situation,analyzes the necessity of setting up the impounding basin.According to the law of the dispersion of crude oil spilled in the crude oil depot,the emergency prevention and control measures for leakage accidents are proposed.Based on the analysis of the simulation results,the law of crude oil dispersion is studied.The leakage rate of crude oil increases with the increase of liquid level in the storage tank.The leakage crude oil impacts the dike,the impact pressure increases with the increase of tank capacity.The impact pressure on the dike facing to the rupture part of the storage tank is the largest,and the maximum pressure under the simulated condition reaches 91.6 k Pa.Under the blocking effect of the dike,part of the leaked crude oil will stay in the dike,and part of the leaked crude oil will directly overflow the dike.The spillage of crude oil gradually increases with time,the maximum spillage accounts for more than 50% of the total leakage.The leaked crude oil in the double tank area is easy to rush through the dividing dike and flow to the adjacent tanks.The impact pressure load of the dike after the leakage accident is greater than the static pressure load of the dike under the theoretical design In case of complete failure of the dike,the leaked crude oil will flow out of the oil depot within 7s.The leaked crude oil flows and spreads with the surrounding terrain,which greatly affects the environment outside the oil depot and the fire safety of the oil depot.The research results provide a scientific basis for improving the safety management level of oil depots and formulating emergency response plans.