Residualanalysis And Health Risk Assessment Of Sulfonamide Antibiotics In Typical Freshwater Edible Fish

Antibiotics are widely used as an antibacterial agent to prevent and treat bacterial diseases of people and animals.China is a large country in the production and use of antibiotics.Antibiotics entering organisms cannot be completely absorbed by organisms,and almost 90% of them are excreted into the environment in the form of parent compounds or metabolites,resulting in the exposure characteristics of "pseudo-environmental durability".Antibiotics are currently prevalent in surface waters,such as rivers,lakes,and coastal areas around the world.Antibiotics in the environment may be accumulated in aquatic organisms through the food chain,threatening food safety and human health,and may also pose a potential risk to ecosystems.However,the current research on the bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms is not perfect,so it is necessary to carry out the detection of antibiotic content,biological enrichment research and health risk evaluation in the aquatic system.In this study,12 sulfonamide antibiotics which were widely detected in the environment were selected as the target antibiotics.First,Songhua Lake,Jilin City,Jilin Province,was selected as the research area,and eight species of fish in Songhua Lake were collected to detect the sulfonamide antibiotic content in muscle and evaluate the edible health risk.Secondly,Shenyang,Changchun and Harbin were selected as the sampling cities,and a total of 10 kinds of commercially available fish were collected to explore the residual status of sulfonamides antibiotics in freshwater fish in different regions of the three northeastern regions,and evaluate their edible health risks.The main research results are as follows:(1)The contents of sulfonamides in 8 species of fish(Siniperca chuatsi,Aristichthys nobilis,Carassius carassius,Cyprinus carpio,Parabramis pekinensis,Erythroculter ilishaeformis,Phoxinus lagowskii and Hypomesus olidus)in Songhua Lake,Jilin Province were detected.The results showed that 12 target antibiotics,except sulfamethazine(SMR),were detected in the muscle of 8 species of fish,with the average content of 1.27 ng/g ww,and the concentrations of each antibiotic were not exceeding the standards.The results showed that the overall concentrations of sulfonamides were at a low level,although sulfonamides were detected to varying degrees in fish.(2)Ten kinds of common edible freshwater fish sold in Changchun,Shenyang and Harbin were collected,and the occurrence status of sulfonamides antibiotics in fish meat was detected.The results showed that the average contents of sulfonamides in fish samples from Changchun,Shenyang and Harbin were 0.98 ng/g ww,1.60ng/g ww and 1.83ng/g ww,respectively.The highest content of sulfamethoxazole(SMX)in all fish samples from the three northeastern cities(Changchun,Shenyang,and Harbin)was detected at the average concentrations of 2.85 ng/g ww,5.22 ng/g ww,and 4.23 ng/g ww,respectively,with the highest detection rate.The lowest mean concentrations of sulfapyridine(SPD)in all fish samples were 0.06 ng/g ww,0.24ng/g ww,and 0.19 ng/g ww,respectively.The content of sulfonamides in different fish from different cities varied significantly,but the overall performance was that the antibiotic content in the muscle of carnivorous fish was the highest.(3)The edible health risk evaluation results of these fish showed that the health risk evaluation results of Songhua Lake and the three northeastern cities showed that for the eight kinds of fish in Songhua Lake,the RQFcom values of the 12 sulfonamides were all much lower than 0.01,indicating that the health risk of exposure to antibiotics after long-term intake of these fish by adults and children was small,which was not enough to cause potential health risk to residents.The health risk of 10 kinds of fish exposed to antibiotics after long-term intake by residents in three cities of northeast China was evaluated using target hazard coefficient(RQFcom)evaluation method.The results showed that RQFcom for 12 species was significantly less than 0.01.Therefore,the health risks of long-term exposure to sulfonamides through intake of these fish by residents in the three northeastern cities were relatively small,and the potential health risks to local residents could be ignored.The results of this study could provide basic data for further understanding of the concentration levels and safe intake of antibiotics in aquatic products in the northeastern region.To provide a scientific basis for the standardized use of antibiotics and the formulation of pollution control policies.