The High-sugar Diet Affects Host Metabolism Through Its Gut Microbiome,with The Role Of FXR In This Process

Gut microbiome is a huge microbial community colonize in the intestine,and it is an important subsystem of the host.Meanwhile,Gut microbiome that is susceptible to exogenous environmental factors(such as diet,drugs,exercise,etc.)is also an important medium for exogenous factors to affect the host.Farnesoid X Receptor(FXR)is a nuclear receptor and an important regulator that plays key roles in multiple physiological and pathological processes.And FXR is one of the nuclear receptors participate in microbiome-host axis,but the mechanism is complicated and not yet fully clear.High-sugar diet is unhealthy,which leads to high fructose intake.And High sugar diet is a main cause of many complex metabolism diseases such as obesity,diabetes,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,etc.This research construct high-fructose diet models by Wild Type and FXR knock out mice.We find that high-fructose diet significantly reduces the weight growth rate of mice,and the lack of FXR makes the loss of weight growth rate more serious.Meanwhile,high-fructose diet changes the condition of gut microbiome,destroys the Richness and diversity of gut microbiome,decrease the abundance of probiotics,and the lack of FXR amplify the above negative effects.In addition,high-fructose diet changes the expression levels of various metabolism-related genes,including Carbohydrate metabolism,lipid metabolism,and bile acid metabolism,etc.And FXR can regulates the changes of the expression levels of these genes induced by high-fructose diet.In summary,high-fructose diet can destroy the balance of gut microbiome and cause adverse effects on the host,and the lack of FXR makes these adverse effects more serious.This conclusion provides potential treatment ideas for metabolism diseases caused by unhealthy diet,and it helps clinical healthy diet guidance.