Effects Of Different Oils On Glucolipid Metabolism In Mice Induced By High-fat Diet

The proportions of patients with metabolic syndrome such as obesity and dyslipidemia which was caused by high-fat intake had increased continuously,accompanied by dietary structure changes in recent years.But intake of the right amount of fat/oil is vital to keep the body energy balance.Moreover,there were abundant unsaturated fatty acids and micronutrients such as polyphenols,vitamin E and phytosterols in oils,which had positive therapeutic effects on metabolic syndromes including dyslipidemia.Fatty acid composition and species and contents of micronutrients varied in different oils,which contributed to their different functions.The effects of six commercial oils on improving glucolipid metabolism in high-fat fed mice were determined and compared in this research.In addition,the key active components in edible oils affecting glucolipid metabolism were investigated via correlation analysis between oil composition and glucolipid metabolism levels,which provided a theoretical basis for development of functional blend oils.Firstly,the composition and contents of fatty acid and micronutrients of six oils were determined.The results showed that contents of saturated fatty acids in lard and palm oil were the highest,accounting for 37.73% and 45.87% respectively,and content of medium chain fatty acid in coconut oil was as high as 61.04%.The content of oleic acid was the highest in olive oil(79.12%).The fatty acid composition in soybean oil and rice bran oil was similar,mainly containing linoleic acid and oleic acid.The detection results of micronutrients were shown as follows: Total polyphenols was the highest in olive oil,reaching to 245.39 mg/kg,and the contents of polyphenol in other oils were lower than 31 mg/kg.The main types of vitamin E in six oils were ?-tocopherol and ?-tocopherol.The total content of vitamin E was the highest in soybean oil(1136.92 mg/kg).The content of ?-tocopherol was the highest in rice bran oil(395.25 mg/kg).The main phytosterols in the five vegetable oils were ?-sitosterol and campesterol,and the total content of phytosterols was the highest in rice bran oil,reaching to 10751.12 mg/kg.The content of squalene was the highest in olive oil,reaching to 2150.55 mg/kg.Secondly,the effects of six oils on regulating glucolipid metabolism and oxidative stress in high fat-fed mice for 16 weeks were studied.The results were shown as follows: The amelioration of dyslipidemia to a certain extent could be found in all vegetables oils groups compared with lard group.Olive oil and rice bran oil significantly reduced serum TG,LDL-c,FFA,TNF-? and IL-6 levels in mice,and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver.Coconut oil could significantly reduce TG value,inflammatory factors and insulin levels,AST and ALT activity and increase leptin content in serum to improve insulin sensitivity in mice.The improvement effect of vegetables oils on dyslipidemia induced by high-fat diet was by reducing the relative expression of genes including SREBP-1c,FAS and ACC-1,and increasing the relative expression of PPAR? and ACOX1,which could reduce lipogenesis and accelerate lipolysis in the liver.At the same time,the contents of urine metabolites in mice were determined.The results showed that different oils significantly affected the metabolic pathways including glutathione metabolism,amino acid metabolism,TCA cycle,inositol phosphate metabolism and primary bile acid synthesis.Finally,the key active components in oils which had important effects on regulating glucolipid metabolism was investigated through the correlation analysis between oil composition and glucolipid metabolism levels in mice.The results showed that oleic acid,medium chain fatty acid,polyphenols and phytosterols were the most critical factors to regulate glucolipid metabolism in mice.Meanwhile,polyphenols,?-tocopherol and campesterol were also positively correlated with antioxidant levels in the body.