Investigation On Ancient Iron Smelting Site Found At Liguo Village Of Xuzhou City,Jiangsu Province

This paper takes the Liguo iron smelting site in Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province as the main research object,uses the research method of "judging smelting technology by slag analysis" established in the academic circles,and carries out work in combination with various research paths such as historical literature research,field investigation,laboratory analysis and so on.various scientific experimental methods such as gold(mineral)phase observation,energy spectrum analysis(EDX),and scanning electron microscope are used to detect and analyze two types of slag samples,and explore the smelting properties and technical characteristics of the site in the scientific and technological archaeological laboratory.The experimental results show that the cast iron slag is a silicon-calcium-aluminum-based slag with high calcium and low iron,and round drop-shaped cast iron particles are found in the slag body,which belongs to the typical iron-smelting technology system in the Central Plains;The slag for puddling steel is iron-silicon slag with high iron content,and the slag matrix is mainly composed of Wüstite and fayalite,and it is inferred that it is the evidence of the ancient puddling steel process.Comprehensive analysis shows that the iron smelting site in Liguo is very likely to be a steel smelting site integrating cast iron smelting and puddling steel.It is confirmed that the iron smelting site uses charcoal as fuel and limestone as smelting flux.This paper also makes a literature survey on iron cultural relics and mining and metallurgy sites in Jiangsu Province.The results show that the unearthed iron wares are mainly distributed in Xuzhou,Nanjing and Yangzhou.They are all ancient political,military and economic centers.It is considered that its distribution characteristics are strongly related to the development of smelting industry in various regions.In addition,the paper briefly describes the feasibility of the promotion of small special museums from the perspective of site protection and cultural development.