Research On Construction Evacuation Simulation Considering The Influence Of Hazardous Areas And Herd Behavior

In recent years,there have been frequent building construction safety accidents.Although the country has issued a number of relevant construction specifications and technical regulations for construction risks,various sources of hazards are dynamic research objects with strong uncertainty,and it is difficult to comprehensively list and control accordingly.After investigation,it is found that there are no evacuation guides on the construction sites of most domestic projects.Therefore,based on the current research gaps in hazard management and limitations of evacuation routes at construction sites,this paper proposes an emergency evacuation model that considers construction risks and conformity factors.The research objective of this article is to determine the risk probability of the hazardous area in the construction site,and to quantify the influence of herding and risk factors on the evacuation process through indicators.First of all,this paper identifies 16 types of hazardous areas based on construction specifications and technical regulations,defines them as the research unit of construction safety management,and proposes a subjective and objective double-route risk assessment system to determine the risk probability and priority of measures in hazardous areas.The subjective route uses the comprehensive weighted fuzzy TOPSIS algorithm to improve the FMEA implementation calculation.The objective route determines the risk level based on the rough set reduction principle and knowledge dependence,and finally uses the relaxation factor to combine the two to obtain the combined risk probability.Secondly,this paper proposes a risk herding evacuation model based on social force model and agent technology,introducing hazardous areas into emergency evacuation,coupling the risk factors of hazardous areas and the herding factors of workers,and analyzing the influence of risk and herd on the evacuation process.Finally,the evaluation algorithm and evacuation model were implemented based on the engineering case,and the risk control measures in the core hazardous areas and various evacuation indicators were analyzed.The evaluation system results show that the core hazardous areas of each construction stage mainly include foundation pit protection,vertical transportation,high-altitude operations and other construction content,and scaffolding operations still have large safety hazards in actual operations.The evacuation simulation results show that herd behavior will change the trajectory of people in the area where the exit gravity value is small,and the risk impact will modify the personnel path according to the degree of detour determined by the risk probability threshold.The evacuation simulation results show that herd behavior will change the trajectory of people in the area where the exit gravity value is small,and the risk impact will modify the path of people according to the degree of detour determined by the risk probability threshold.Both of them will increase the evacuation completion time,the number of northbound exits,and the number of changes in decision-making to a certain extent.By comparing the increase in the evacuation completion time and the decrease in the evacuation risk,it is concluded that the detour areas in the main construction phase of the calculation example are the first and second hazardous areas,the third and fourth hazardous areas are decided to cross.In summary,this article combines the risk probability of hazardous areas with emergency evacuation simulation,provides technical support for the preparation of emergency evacuation plans at construction sites,improves the ability of safety managers to respond to emergencies at construction sites,and reduces safety accidents,which has theoretical and practical value.