| In this study,we used solid kitchen as the test material,formed solid kitchen waste and liquid kitchen waste through solid-liquid separation,and transformed solid kitchen waste with Tenebrio molitor larvae and liquid food waste with Hermetia illucens larvae to provide a new method for food waste resource utilization.The effects of 8different fruits and vegetables as supplementary nutrients on the lifespan and oviposition of adult T.molitor were investigated to improve the reproduction of T.molitor,reduce the feed cost of adult T.molitor and provide a year-round feeding strategy that takes into account fruits and vegetables;The effects of adding different gradients of two kinds of dung on the growth and development of peppers and fruit quality were also investigated to provide a scientific basis for the application of T.molitor dung and H.illucens dung in vegetable cultivation and finally explore a new way of food waste resource utilization.The main results are as follows:1.T.molitor fed on unfermented and fermented solid kitchen waste with bran in the ratios of 0%-60%and40%-60%,respectively;their transformed 60%unfermented and fermented solid kitchen waste compounded with 40%bran was the best,with cumulative weight gain of 8.64 g and 8.37 g,feed utilization rate of 90.39%and 89.15%,body weight conversion efficiency of 43.91%and 63.15%,mortality rate of 11.50%and 7.33%,dry insect protein content was 49.47%and 48.96%,fat was 35.90%and 33.60%,17 amino acids were 45.00%and46.74%,and insect dung organic matter was 93.50%and 90.70%,the total amount of NPK were 9.53%and10.17%,respectively.For every 100.00 g of unfermented and fermented solid kitchen waste feed taken by T.molitor,17.82 g and 19.25 g of insect body could be transformed,respectively.2.H.illucens transformed T.molitor dung compounded with 70%liquid kitchen waste and cow dung compounded with 80%liquid kitchen waste were the best results,with cumulative weight gain of 6.27 g and7.47 g,dry matter digestibility of 51.34%and 30.55%,the body weight conversion efficiency of 19.75%and43.61%,mortality rate of 0.00%and 0.17%,dry insect protein was 44.76%and 43.54%,fat was 13.00%and13.30%,17 amino acids were 35.82%and 36.14%,residual organic matter content was 35.90%and 31.60%,and total NPK were 16.87%and 8.94%,respectively.For every 100.00 g of T.molitor dung compounded liquid kitchen waste feed and cow dung compounded liquid kitchen waste feed taken by H.illucens,19.77 g and 43.58g of insect body could be transformed,respectively.3.Feeding on pumpkin,carrot and melon by adult T.molitor significantly increased the number of fecundity of single females,with 883.79 each/head,888.38 each/head and 833.91 each/head,respectively;feeding on cabbage,pumpkin,pear and melon helped increase the surviving sate of offspring larvae,with 78.26%,78.06%,85.24%and 82.54%,respectively.The longevity of the adults feeding on the 8 fruit and vegetable species did not show any difference,basically all of them lifespan were around 100 d,but the fecundity efficiency decreased significantly at 80-90 d.Therefore,the priority is to recommend pumpkin and melon.Therefore,pumpkin and melon were recommended as supplemental nutrients for adult T.molitor,followed by cabbage,carrot and pear.Pumpkin and carrot are easy to store with high yield in autumn,suitable for winter and spring storage feeding adults,and can be fed to adults in summer with rotten or inferior melon as the main,cabbage and pear as the supplementary,adults should be eliminated in time at 80-90 d and replaced by a new batch of adults to save feeding space and improve productivity.4.The recommended application rates of T.molitor dung and H.illucens dung in pepper planting were 1%(0.83 t/667 m~2)and 2%(1.67 t/667 m~2),3.6%(3.33 t/667 m~2)and 1.8%(1.67 t/667 m~2).1%of T.molitor dung had the most obvious effect on the final plant height,chlorophyll content(SPAD)and yield of pepper,and the best effect on the quality improvement of pepper,followed by 2%of T.molitor dung.The yield of pepper single plant was increased in different degrees by the application of black gadfly sand compared with CK,3.6%H.illucens dung had the most significant effect on the yield of pepper single plant,and 1.8%of H.illucens dung had the best effect in improving the fruit quality of pepper. |
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