| In recent years,with the rapid development of national road infrastructure,the engineering application value of highway tunnels has also been continuously improved.Highway tunnels have brought great convenience to people’s travel and life,but the symbiotic operational safety issues have become increasingly obvious.Because the tunnel is a long and narrow semi-enclosed civil structure,once an accident occurs,the difficulty of escape and fire rescue is far more difficult than that of ordinary road sections,so it is more likely to cause large-scale casualties.In order to effectively prevent the potential risks of highway tunnels and minimize the probability of injuries and deaths from malignant accidents such as fires,it is essential to carry out safety assessments for operating tunnels.This article proposes a comprehensive evaluation system for the operation safety of highway tunnels: firstly,from a macro perspective,quantitatively score the basic conditions of the tunnel,equipment and facilities,traffic,environment,management,etc.,and determine the comprehensive safety level of the tunnel for the purpose of formulating Provide a basis for the general direction of risk prevention and control in the future;secondly,in view of the particularity and high risk of tunnel fires,special evaluation of its risks is realized by establishing computer scene models.This method can quantitatively predict the results of casualties of tunnel fires,which is for further improvement.The tunnel’s fire protection details provide support.The main research contents and results of the full text are as follows:(1)Firstly,1500 cases of highway tunnel operation accidents were collected by python network crawler and other channels,and the database of highway tunnel operation accidents was constructed.Then,through the statistical function of the database,the regular characteristics of highway tunnel operation accidents in terms of morphology,causes,vehicle types,time and space are preliminarily obtained.Finally,on the basis of accident statistics,the FTA analysis method is used to obtain the influencing factors set of highway tunnel operation safety,and the mechanism of each influencing factor is analyzed and expounded in detail.(2)Based on the set of operational safety influencing factors,a comprehensive evaluation index system for road tunnel operation safety was constructed;then,referring to the basic framework of Euro TAP tunnel safety evaluation,and closely combining relevant current regulations in my country,a set of quantitative criteria for indicators suitable for my country’s national conditions was proposed.(3)The proposed comprehensive evaluation method of highway tunnel operation safety is applied to Dayaoshan No.1 Tunnel of Leguang Expressway,and the safety level of the tunnel is obtained,and the main prevention and control direction of its future operation risk is explained.(4)Based on the design and operation data of Dayaoshan No.1 Tunnel,a computer scenario model of road tunnel fire diffusion and personnel escape was constructed.From the perspective of numerical simulation,the temperature and CO diffusion under different fire conditions were discussed.The distribution of people’s evacuation;according to the human body’s tolerance time to different environmental temperatures and CO concentrations,a road tunnel fire casualty determination model was proposed.The Dayaoshan No.1 tunnel was calculated by the model under the condition of working condition 3(large fire).There were deaths;finally,based on the simulation results,an improvement plan was proposed for the emergency wind speed of the tunnel and the width of the pedestrian crossing,and the effectiveness of the plan was verified through the "reevaluation" process. |
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