The Construction Of Multifunctional Gold Nanorods Compound Drug Carrier And Its Antitumor Activity

At present,the main methods of cancer treatment include surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy.For surgery,cancer cells cannot be completely removed.Chemotherapy and radiotherapy generally have disadvantages such as strong toxic and side effects,large dose requirements and long treatment cycles.In recent years,nanomaterials attracted extensive attention in cancer targeted therapy and drug delivery vehicles due to their advantages such as surface effect and size effect.In order to give full play to the characteristics of nanomaterials,the multifunctional combination of composite nanomaterials has become a research hotspot.Base on the above content,this paper intends to use nanomaterials with photothermal conversion ability to kill tumor cells by locally increasing the temperature.Then we could use its enzymatic activity to unbalance the intracellular oxidative and antioxidant.At the same time,the chemotherapeutic drugs are carried and delivered to the cancer cells by means of loading and transportation to effectively kill the cancer cells,thereby enhancing the curative effect and reducing the unpredictable toxic and side effects on the body due to the intake of large doses of chemotherapeutic drugs.The near-infrared（NIR）responsive multifunctional nanoformulations constructed in this paper are copper-containing metal organic frameworks（MOFs）wrapped on the surface of gold nanorods（GNRs）and coated with chemotherapy.The main characteristics of the nanocarrier materials:（1）The nanocarrier materials can better exert the horseradish peroxidase-like mimetic enzyme activity under the conditions of 37℃and faintly acid.And the tumor cells are in a state of oxidative stress,so the nanocarrier materials can exert its biological function by adjusting the level of cellular ROS.（2）GNR,GNR@Cu-MOF（GM）,GNR@Cu-MOF@DOX（GMD）have remarkable near-infrared photothermal conversion efficiency at 808 nm and also have the ability to kill tumor cells.And GNRs are wrapped on the surface with the MOF layer with Cu as the base framework did not affect the near-infrared photothermal conversion efficiency.The experimental results show that the material has PTT conversion capability.（3）The GM nanocarrier materials could be loaded and transported with the anti-tumor chemotherapy drug DOX,which could effectively kill cancer cells by photothermal transformation and temperature rise after the release of the drug.In addition,we also discussed the effect of the multifunctional nanomaterial combined with photothermal effect on tumor cells and related mechanisms.（1）When the PTT temperature of the nanoformulation is close to or exceeds 42℃,the drug can be effectively released in a specific environment,thereby inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells.（2）The detection of flow cytometry,Hoechst 33342,Ca²⁺influx,mitochondrial transmembrane potential and intracellular reaction oxygen species（ROS）further verified that nanocarrier material has a significant role in promoting tumor cell apoptosis.（3）The Western blot and Caspase-3/-8/-9 enzymatic activities showed that the mechanism of nanocarrier material promoting tumor cell apoptosis may be related to the antioxidant signaling pathway of Nrf 2,Keap 1 and HO 1.In conclusion,the multifunctional nanocarrier materials designed and constructed in this paper have anti-tumor effect.The nanocarrier material possesses PTT capability and enzymatic responsiveness,and simultaneously carries chemotherapeutic drugs to realize multifunctional cobined application,which provides valuable experimental data and reference for the development of cancer treatment methods.