Design Of UAV Communication Antenna And Obstacle Avoidance Radar Antenna

With the development of UAV technology,multi-rotor UAVs are more and more used in our social life.The complexity of the working environment puts forward higher requirements for antennas mounted on multi-rotor UAV platforms.UAV antennas for communication require multi-frequency,compact,low profile,easy installation on the UAV platform.The UAV radar antenna for obstacle avoidance requires light weight,simple and easy integration structure,high gain and high efficiency.The communication antenna and obstacle avoidance antenna of UAV platform ensure the safety of UAV,and make the working environment of multi-rotor UAV platform more popular.Therefore,it is of great significance to carry out the research of UAV communication antenna and obstacle avoidance antenna.The main contents of this thesis are as follows:This thesis analyzes the problems existing in the combination of antenna and UAV,discusses the influence of different antenna design ideas on UAV flight,and makes a basis for the design of communication antenna and obstacle avoidance radar antenna.To solve the multi-frequency communication demand of multi-rotor UAV,in order to realize the omnidirectional radiation characteristics of the antenna without affecting the normal flight of the UAV,in this thesis,the microstrip Quasi-Yagi antenna is used as the basic radiation unit,the multi-frequency resonance of the antenna is realized by reducing the distance between the oscillator and the reflective floor and loading the gap on the oscillator arm,the omnidirectional radiation is realized by using six multi-frequency Quasi-Yagi antenna units to form a circular array on the horizontal plane,the horizontal pattern gain fluctuation of antenna in three operating bands is less than 2 d B.The simulation results show that two of the three working frequency bands of the antenna are the UAV communication band prescribed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of our country,one is the Wi MAX communication band.In order to solve the problem of parasitic radiation and energy leakage caused by the use of microstrip series-fed antenna array,this thesis uses the Substrate Integrated Waveguide gap array to reduce the energy loss on the feed line for the circular microstrip patch feed.Based on this,this thesis uses two layers of dielectric plates with different dielectric constants to design arrays,reducing the spacing of the array elements through the traditional standing wave slot array makes the antenna structure more compact while ensuring the radiation performance of the antenna.The simulation results show that the antenna can work in the special band of 24 GHz obstacle avoidance radar.In order to enhance the gain of the multi-rotor UAV platform obstacle-avoidance radar antenna,the microstrip antenna element is optimized based on the designed substrate integrated waveguide slot-fed microstrip antenna array,by loading the matching slot and adjusting the position of the microstrip connection line we achieve the gain of 20.6 d Bi,the simulation results show that the antenna can work at the frequency of the vehicle radar proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.