Effects Of Reverberation And Background Noise On Speech Recognition Threshold Level For Middle-aged And Elderly With Hearing Loss

With the gradual acceleration of the aging process and the continuous extension of the retirement age in China,the issue of old age has become a hot topic.At the same time,the increasing proportion of middle-aged and old people suffering from hearing impairment leads to serious problems in communication,which not only has a lot of adverse effects on their physical health,but also on their mental health.And the acoustic environment of the building space that people use in daily life and work will have an impact on speech communication.Too much background noise and reverberation will hinder people’s normal communication.However,the current architectural acoustic design and related architectural acoustic standards do not consider the particularity of the use of hearing impaired middle-aged and elderly people,so it is very necessary to create a suitable architectural acoustic environment for middle-aged and elderly people.The object of this paper is the dining room,mahjong room and conference room,which meet the needs of people’s daily life,entertainment and work.The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of different reverberation and noise conditions on speech recognition threshold of middle-aged and old people with hearing impairment.To understand the real speech recognition ability of middle-aged and old people with hearing impairment in the real acoustic environment.The results were compared with those of young people with normal hearing.First of all,this paper reviews the relevant research on the influence of reverberation and noise on speech recognition ability through literature research,and summarizes and discusses the research content,research methods and results,and determines the research methods of this paper.The field investigation of the relevant building space lays the foundation for the setting of speech recognition threshold experimental parameters.Then,the effects of different reverberation and noise conditions on speech recognition threshold were evaluated by speech recognition threshold audiometry.The results of the statistical analysis of data for the study of the law of change.Finally,according to the results of the experimental study,a strategy of optimizing the acoustic design of architectural space is proposed.According to the research results,the reverberation time range of the restaurant is0.66-1.44 s,the reverberation time range of the mahjong room is 0.57-1.37 s,and the reverberation time range of the meeting room is 0.51-2.14 s.More than half the rooms have too long reverberation time.When the room is full,the background noise range of the restaurant is between 63.9 and 70.9d B(A),and the background noise range of the mahjong room is between 68.7 and 69.4d B(A).The background noise levels are all higher.It is not conducive to the daily speech communication of the elderly.Through speech recognition threshold experiment,it is found that under all noises,speech recognition threshold increases with the increase of reverberation time,and speech recognition ability decreases with the increase of reverberation time.In addition,the speech recognition threshold of middle-aged and old people with hearing impairment is larger than that of normal people,and their speech recognition ability is poor.In the background noise of mahjong room,dining room and meeting room,the mean difference between the hearing impaired group and the normal hearing group was5.840-8.575 db SNR,6.047-7.103 db SNR,4.167-5.803 db SNR,respectively;in the background noise of mahjong room,except RT = 0.6s and RT = 0.9s,P = 0.189 > 0.05,there was no significant difference,the rest were significant differences.In the restaurant scene,when the mixing time is 1.5s,the speech recognition threshold is significantly different,the speech recognition threshold is significantly increased,and the speech recognition ability is significantly reduced.In the conference room scene,when the mixing time is more than 0.7s,the speech recognition threshold increases significantly;in the old hearing impaired group and the young hearing normal group,the order of sensitivity to the change of reverberation in different noises is: mahjong room noise,dining room noise,conference room noise;Factor reverberation time and background noise have significant differences,The interaction effect of factor reverberation time×background noise is significant.That is,there is an interaction between the negative effects of reverberation time and background noise on speech recognition.In speech recognition test,it is not appropriate for background noise to replace all the real fluctuation noise with stable speech shape noise.There are significant differences in the influence of individual factors on speech recognition threshold among the middle-aged and old people with hearing impairment.Therefore,the sound environment of dining room,mahjong room and meeting room is optimized.Through sound absorption and sound insulation,the reverberation time and background noise are reduced,which is conducive to the normal life and work of the middle-aged and old people with hearing impairment.