Design Of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Vector Control System Based On Hall Sensor

With the rapid consumption of the earth’s energy and the increasingly serious environmental problems,how to use the earth’s resources efficiently has become a global problem that today’s society continues to solve.As the driving force of most mechanical transmission structures in the world,the efficient a nd reliable operation of motor means energy saving.At present,permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)has become the mainstream in the field of AC drive because of its simple structure,reliable operation,good control performance,low noise and high e fficiency.It has been widely used in the fields of household appliances,industrial production,electric vehicles,aerospace and other fields.In order to embody the advantages of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM),it is necessary to obtain accura te rotor position at any time in control algorithm.Generally,high precision position sensors,such as photoelectric encoders or resolver,are installed on the axle,which will undoubtedly increase the cost of the control system.The control system withou t position sensor can not be fully applied to the occasion with high control requirement because of the difficulty of starting motor and the complexity of control algorithm.In order to ensure the reliable and stable operation of the motor and control the cost,using low-resolution sensors instead of high-precision position sensors to achieve vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor has become a research hotspot of drive technology.Starting from the basic structure and mathematical model of t he permanent magnet synchronous motor,this paper introduces in detail the control idea of the vector control system,coordinate transformation,and comparison of several commonly used control strategies,and elaborates the SVPWM space vector and sector judgment.Then introduced the installation position and installation method of the Hall position sensor in detail,and analyzed how to obtain the real-time,continuous and accurate position signal from the discrete position signal fed back from the low-resolution sensor for vector control of the motor.Based on the average acceleration method,the concept of switching period is introduced,and an improved position estimation method is proposed.According to the characteristics of this system,the starting m ethod for the permanent magnet synchronous motor with Hall position sensor is analyzed in detail.Then complete the hardware design and software design of the entire control system,and put forward several issues that need attention in engineering applica tions.Using the two position signal estimation methods mentioned in the article,for the no-load operation,on-load operation and sudden load operation of the motor,use the MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation platform to build a simulation model to verify the effectiveness of the two algorithms.The differences between the two estimation methods under different working conditions are analyzed and compared.Finally,based on the previous theory,and based on the existing conditions in the laboratory,an experime ntal platform was established to verify the theoretical analysis and simulation results.The data analysis and waveform comparison were performed to verify the feasibility of the proposed improved position estimation method.