Research On Heuristic Routing With Infrastructure Nodes In Vehicular Networks

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network(VANET)enable vehicles to carry computing and communication platforms,so vehicles can communicate and exchange with each other distinct kinds of information.In VANET,vehicles represent mobility nodes that directly exchange information in order to reduce the probability of traffic accidents.Nevertheless,VANET still face many challenges that require developers and researchers to improve it.Data routing in VANET attracts great attention from researchers and it is placed as the first priority since data dissemination is the main task in VANET.However,routing the packets is a challenging task due to the fast-changing topology and high mobility of the nodes.Most of the existing routing protocols proposed in VANET are designed to deliver packets with a low packet dropping rate and low delay,but none of those protocols can meet the requirements of whole traffic scenarios such as data security and trust,data routing with high mobility of vehicles,and the simulation in real world is still challenging.This is because of the limited of wireless technology,attackers can attack via wireless communication,and installing communication devices is spending a lot of resources.For these reasons,we are motivated to research the improvement of the data routing in VANET.This research thesis presents a routing protocol called Heuristic Routing with Infrastructure Nodes(HRIN)for data dissemination in vehicular networks.The main goal of this work aims to increase the packet delivery ratio and reduce the end-to-end delay.To achieve these goals,we propose two heuristic functions for Road Segments Selection(RSS)and Intermediate Nodes Selection(INS).Further,we propose the deployment of the Roadside Unit(RSU)on each road junction.RSUs can further assist the vehicles in data dissemination.The RSS is the combination of two probability functions,Shortest distance,and Higher connectivity.On the other hand,the INS is based on four quantities,vehicle’s speed difference,vehicle’s moving direction,number of packets on the vehicle,,and signal fading.The simulation results of our proposed protocol achieved reasonable results for packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay compared to the existing protocols.HRIN’s successful delivery rate varies with the number of vehicles,reaching 93% to 98%,and we got low data delivery delay with 2 to 7 seconds only.