Electromagnetic Analysis And Optimization Of Tritium Breeder Blanket For Fusion Reactor

As a core component of the fusion reactor,tritium breeder blanket has the functions of plasma containment,energy exchange,tritium self-sufficiency and radiation shielding.Therefore,its operation characteristics will directly affect the safe operation of fusion reactor.China Fusion Engineering Experimental Reactor(CFETR),a superconductive fusion test reactor to complete the technical deficiency between International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)and future fusion demonstration(DEMO),is of great significance to the realization of fusion energy in the future.Surrounded in the environment of high temperature,strong magnetic field and high vacuum,the load condition of tritium breeder blanket is deteriorating especially when plasma disruption occurs,and its transient electromagnetic impact may directly lead to the damage of components.In this paper,the ferromagnetic properties of the water cooled ceramic breeder blanket materials were studied as follows:(1)The reliability of the analysis method was evaluated by the combination of theoretical calculation and finite element numerical simulation.At the same time,by assuming the plasma current to be the ring current,the magnetic field generated by the ring current was calculated theoretically,which verified the accuracy of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation.(2)The toroidal field ripple generated by blanket was studied,and the methods to reduce the ripple were evaluated.According to blanket design scheme,the finite element model of electromagnetic analysis was established,and the accurate distribution and ripple results of space magnetic field were obtained.Based on the ripple analysis results,several methods to alleviate the toroidal field ripple were proposed.(3)The transient electromagnetic characteristics of blanket under the condition of linear decay of plasma disruption were studied,and the influence of various parameters of tungsten armor on electromagnetic load was explored.Based on the typical blanket module outside the equatorial plane,new designs of tungsten armor structure were proposed,and the electromagnetic analysis model of blanket was established.The influence of tungsten armor,thickness of tungsten armor,split size and gap size of the tungsten armor on the electromagnetic characteristics of blanket structure was explored.The variation of the induced eddy current on blanket first wall with time,the Joule heat and the electromagnetic force of the corresponding time step were obtained.(4)The multi-physical field coupling analysis of blanket was carried out to provide reference and basis for the design of blanket structure.On the basis of electromagnetic analysis,the multi-physical coupling structural analysis of blanket was accomplished by using indirect sequential coupling method,and the influence of tungsten armor on the temperature and stress of blanket was explored.The results show that splitting the tungsten armor along the toroidal direction is more conducive to reduce the temperature and stress of blanket,which is consistent with the conclusion of electromagnetic analysis.(5)The simulation method of plasma disruption effect on blanket was proposed,and the eddy current test device for fusion device was designed.