The Impact Of High-speed Railway On Tourism Economy In Northeast China

In the context of the " new round of revitalization of Northeast China " strategy,the state attaches great importance to the level of transportation facilities in Northeast China.“《Opinions on Revitalizing the Old Industrial Bases in Northeast China》”points out that it is necessary to improve the coverage density of railway network and study the construction of fast railway channels in the eastern and western regions of Northeast China.Narrowly defined specifications for design of high speed railway high-speed only bear the function of passenger transport,so before and after the construction of high-speed rail,the impact of tourism is generally larger.The study of the tourism economic pattern in Northeast China under the high-speed rail network is conducive to the realization of the spatial layout with high-quality resources as the core,the central city as the hub,the line string of beads,and then relying on the highly related tourism industry to drive the development of other industries,which is of great significance to the transformation,optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure in Northeast China.Firstly,based on the perspective of urban railway accessibility,the weighted average travel time is calculated to explore the impact of high-speed rail on urban traffic network in Northeast China.Secondly,using the accessibility data,this paper constructs the tourism economic connection model,and analyzes the influence of high-speed rail on the tourism economic connection between cities in northeast China from the formation of high-speed rail.Finally,the DID model is used to control and eliminate other factors affecting economic development,and a more reliable high-speed rail effect is obtained.At the end of the paper,the existing problems are pointed out,and appropriate suggestions are put forward for the current high-speed rail construction investment policy and tourism industry promotion policy in the three eastern provinces.Since 2012 is the booming period of high-speed rail construction in Northeast China,this paper uses railway data in 2012 and 2018 to calculate railway weighted average travel time to measure urban accessibility.The study finds that there are regional differences in the improvement of urban railway accessibility by high-speed rail construction.Under the original traffic network,cities with traffic advantages will produce location superposition effect,and the improvement of accessibility is more obvious.It should be noted that since there is no statistics on the tourism income of high-speed rail,referring to scholars,the travel time of high-speed rail is substituted into the calculation process of economic ties,representing the impact of high-speed rail construction on inter-city tourism economies.However,some of the data(tourism income and number of tourists)used number of tourists used,the change of economic connection intensity calculated by the model can indicate that it is the driving effect of high-speed rail construction,but the logic is not rigorous.Therefore,this paper improves this research method and adds the difference-in-differences model.The results show that:(1)The regional disparity of improvement effect of high-speed railway construction on the accessibility of urban railway.Under the original transportation network,the cities with transportation advantages will produce location superposition effect,and the improvement of accessibility is more obvious.A few cities with transportation location disadvantages,such as Hegang,Yanbian,Dandong and Dalian,have obvious improvement of accessibility.(2)The construction of high-speed railway has strengthened the tourism connection between cities,but the current tourism economic connection structure presents a linear structure with Beijing-Harbin high-speed railway as the main axis,which is not a network structure.Therefore,the tourism economic cooperation between non-central cities needs to be strengthened.Harbin and Changchun have the highest economic contact intensity,Changchun and Songyuan,Siping and Tieling have good tourism economic contact intensity,Shenyang and Anshan,Liaoyang have excellent and good tourism economic contact intensity respectively.(3)The regression results of DID showed that high-speed railway significantly promoted the overall tourism economic development.It shows that transportation infrastructure should be listed in the priority development region.Summarize the main conclusions of the study,this paper puts forward the following Suggestions : First,find the city positioning.Harbin,Shenyang and Dalian will be built as the central city,Yanbian,Anshan and other secondary node cities,the formation of integrated tourism industry space layout;Second,support edge destination.Effectively prevent the marginalization risk caused by the polarization effect of high-speed rail.