Research On The Evolution And High-quality Development Of Urban Spatial Structure In The Yellow River Basin

With long-term efforts,the economy and society of China have transformed into a high-quality development,which coruscated new vigor and vitality in various fields including polities,economy,culture,society and the ecological environment.As an important economic zone and ecological barrier,the Yellow River Basin plays a significant role in promoting the development of economic and social and the protection of ecological environment,which is considered as a considerable regions for accomplishing‘the poverty alleviation plan’.Herein,it is practically significant for maintaining social stability and promoting national unit via strengthening the governance and protection,promoting the high-quality development,positively accomplishing‘the poverty alleviation plan’,solving the public-concerned ecological and economic security issues especially for minorities in the Yellow River Basin.In September 2019,ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin became a major national strategy,which brought an opportunity for this region entering a new era.According to this,we explored the current situations of urban spatial structure and high-quality development condition from multi-aspects in the Yellow River Basin.The research contributes to understanding the urban spatial structure and high-quality conditions in various regions in the Yellow River Basin,which provide the basis for realizing coordinated regional development strategy,and further for enriching theoretical and empirical studies simultaneously in Urban Geography and Economic Geography field.The primary context and conclusions are divided into three main parts,specifically as follows:In the first part,we explores the characteristics of the current states of urban spital structure from the aspects of hierarchical scale structure,functional structure and network structure in the Yellow River Basin based on statistical data,night-light data,Baidu indices and other multi-source data.And we revealed that:（1）From the perspective of city-scale structure,the evolution of city-scale structure based on different data shows a high degree of similarity.Combined with multi-resources including second,fourth,eleventh city index,fractal dimension and Pareto index,the small and medium-sized cities have well developed,and the mega cities and super cities are relatively deficient,the primary core cities are missing,and the first degree of the whole basin cities is not high.Through the comparison of population and economic primacy,Qingdao is the head of economic city in the Yellow River Basin,and Xi’an is the head of population city.These two are not consistent.（2）From the perspective of urban functional structure,the functional types of regional central cities are relatively rich,mainly focusing on commercial functions,financial and real estate functions,transportation and communication functions,and scientific and educational functions.The functional structure of small and medium-sized cities is relatively simple,and most of the dominant cities are mainly based on industrial functions.Small and medium-sized cities with better economic development mainly have expertise endowments,which are based on industrial functions,and most of them are distributed in coastal areas with convenient transportation.Meanwhile,inland small and medium-sized cities have relatively advantages in social service functions and administrative functions.（3）From the perspective of the urban network structure,the level of economic spatial connections has increased significantly,but the polarization phenomenon is more serious with significant differences at various levels,regions and provinces,showing the overall spatial differentiation characteristics of‘Eastern>Central>Western’.Compared with inter-regional and inter-provincial ties,the economic network of intra-province is closer and more stable.In terms of social-spatial connections,the total amount of information in the Yellow River Basin has increased rapidly,and the‘multi-core’network hierarchical structure characteristics have become more prominent.And the polarization of social-spatial connections has contributed to expand.In terms of traffic spatial connections,the increase in traffic dominance is relatively large,but the overall level is not high.In terms of ecological spatial connection,the concentration of AQI and six pollutants has a significant positive correlation with ambient air quality of surrounding cities.The spatial correlation of ambient air quality in the basin is mainly affected by the changes of inhalable particulate matter(PM_2.5and PM₁₀).The characteristics of ambient air quality present a spatial differentiation feature of‘the west if better than the middle,and the middle is better than the east’.The cities with poor ambient air quality are mainly the central and western cities in the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration and the core cities in the Central Plains urban agglomeration.Taking scientific,systematic and chromatographic as the principle,we center on the‘five concepts for development’（i.e.,innovative,coordinated,green,open,and inclusive）in the second part,and establish a evaluation system of development quality according to economy,society and ecological environment which aims to reflect the current status of high-quality development of cities in the Yellow River Basin.The results reveal that:the high-quality development level of the economy,society and ecological environment of the cities in the Yellow River Basin is generally low,and these three aspects have not yet achieved coordinated development.（1）the economic development level of cities in the Yellow River Basin vary greatly which practically reveals the spatial distribution pattern of‘high-point and low-piece’.The quality of economic development shows inconsecutive apparently,and also significantly spatial correlation characteristics.（2）there are also regional differences of spatial distribution of urban social development in the Yellow River Basin,and the quality of economic development appears a certain extent spatial relevance（i.e.,high in eastern as well as midland and low in northern and western）.The quality of economic development progress along the core of urban agglomeration and the frontier area represent low quality of society development,the concentration degree of public service resources in regional central cities is quite high additionally.（3）the quality of ecological environment of cities represent spatial distribution pattern which is high in midland and low in eastern as well as western in the Yellow River Basin,t since the function orientation and industrial structure of cities determine its ecological environment quality to a great extent.In the ultimate part,we propose high-quality development paths aiming at solving the factors which are obstacle to the high-quality development of cities in the Yellow River Basin:enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of core cities and build a spatially integrated high-quality coordinated development pattern;Comprehensively promote the conversion of new and old kinetic energy,and form a high-quality development path with innovation-driven as the core;Connect the main lines,cluster the branch lines,and improve the watershed transportation network to make up for the lack of river transportation and solve the worries of the high-quality development of the watershed;Strengthen the coordinated management of the regional ecological environment to provide and environmental protection for achieving high-quality development of the basin;Build a long-term system and mechanism for the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin based on the harmonious development of human and nature.