"Public Buildings" In The Context Of Modern China(1920s-1990s)

This paper reviews the history of public buildings in the context of China from the1920 s to the 1990 s.Through the analysis of the typical types of public buildings and the related architectural theoretical issues,this article explored how public buildings as a category are constructed in Chinese architectural discourse,trying to present the meaning and function of public buildings given in the city,social and national fields,and some characteristics of modern Chinese architecture discourse.Based on this,through design research topics,this paper responded to the issues of urbanity,daily life,tradition and modernity of public buildings in the contemporary context.The historical development of public buildings and related theoretical issues are mainly divided into three stages: From the 1920 s to the 1940 s,it mainly introduced how “public buildings”were introduced into China and its relationship with urban planning;From the1950 s to the 1970 s,public buildings were repositioned in the context of planned economy and collectivization,it mainly analyzed the expectations of socialist cities and countries for such buildings,as well as the architectural scale and “form-content” and other major architectural theoretical issues involved;From the 1980 s to the 1990 s,it reflected on the critical discourses of public buildings,such as “tradition and modernity”,“economic benefits”,“building-urban” and other theoretical topics.On the basis of the historical research,this paper tries to carry out the thinking on the theory and practice of contemporary public architecture through design research in the context of history.This paper discussed the two types of public buildings closely related to Chinese urban life——massive public buildings and large-scale public buildings,with the design and research topics of Beijing Xiannongtan Stadium Renovation and Shanghai East Siwenli Renovation.Through thinking about the relationship between urban life and public buildings,historical remains and modern needs,and how daily life gets involved in urban renewal,this paper trys to explore the possible paths of public buildings and space renovation in the context of the urban renewal in the era of stock economy.Finally,this paper attempts to summarize and discuss public buildings in Chinese context from the perspectives of the role of public buildings,social organization,and architectural concepts.