Research On OD Calculation And Passenger Flow Characteristics Of Public Transport Lines Based On IC Card And GPS Data

The OD(origin destination)matrix data of urban public transport lines is the basic material for urban traffic management and planning departments to adjust and optimize public transport lines.This paper discusses how to accurately obtain the OD matrix data of public transport lines,and studies the characteristics of passenger flow based on the OD matrix data,which is of positive significance for solving urban traffic related problems.The traditional OD data collection method of public transportation is mostly manual survey method.Whether the questionnaire is sent to the door,car following survey or star mobile terminal survey tool,it is still the manual survey method for passengers in essence.Because of the characteristics of its own implementation,the manual survey method has many disadvantages,such as limited implementation cost,limited sampling scale,difficult to distinguish the accuracy of the collected data,and the survey itself takes a long time.With the development of intelligent public transportation system,more and more urban public transportation systems use IC card technology based passenger swiping system and AVL(automatic vehicle location)system to automatically record the driving position of the train.The IC card and GPS data recorded by the above two systems provide the possibility to calculate the historical od of public transportation.Scholars at home and abroad have carried out relevant exploration in this field.On the previous research results,this paper proposes a public transport od calculation algorithm based on public transport IC card and GPS data,using the time-space relationship contained in IC card swiping data and GPS position data to identify the boarding station,based on the assumption of passenger travel chain closure to calculate the passenger’s next station point,and using swiping card to collect passengers.The proportion relationship between the input and the total revenue of public transportation lines is used to calculate the OD expansion coefficient,and the accuracy of the OD matrix of public transportation is theoretically verified by SPSS software.The data studied in this paper are from IC card swiping and GPS data of main bus routes in Changzhou from May 1,2018 to May 7,2018.The computer program written in C + + language is used to preprocess the data and calculate the bus od results.The recognition rate of boarding station is 97.4%,the calculation of alighting station is limited by data missing and other factors,and the success rate is about 40%.Finally The OD matrix data of the whole day,morning and evening peak period of the whole city are calculated.Based on the IC card data and the calculated OD matrix of public transportation,this paper analyzes the main passenger flow characteristics of Changzhou City,including daily passenger flow of the line,passenger flow of the main distribution points,time distribution of the line passenger flow,cross-section passenger flow of the adjacent stations of the line and the analysis of regional passenger flow corridors.The traffic planning and demand forecasting software Trans CAD based on GIS is used to analyze the regional passenger flow corridor,and the expected line reflecting the connection between traffic zones is obtained,and the linear regression theory is used to verify the regional travel data.