Optimal Allocation Of Electric Vehicle Charging And Discharging Based On Blockchain Technology

With the smarter development of cities,transportation and power grids,as a new idea to solve the problems of energy scarcity and air management,electric vehicles have gained widespread attention from the community and significant support from the government.Without orderly guidance and reasonable regulation of the charging behavior,the scale of electric vehicle access to the grid would bring a series of negative impacts such as voltage harmonics,network losses,load peak-to-valley differences,etc.to the grid planning as well as safe and stable operation.In this context,this topic focused on the whole process of EV participation in V2G response,and established the electric vehicle charging demand model,single electric vehicle V2G response model,electric vehicle cluster V2G response model and Blockchain-based V2G transaction model in turn,providing a new resolution for large-scale access of electric vehicles to the grid for orderly charging and discharging and self-trading.Specific research includes:Established an electric vehicle charging demand model.The vehicle travel statistics were used to analyze the historical travel pattern and charging characteristics of electric vehicles,followed by the establishment of a probability density function based on the charging moment and charging duration of electric vehicles.Later on,a Monte Carlo simulation method was used to develop a probabilistic model of electric vehicle charging based on the charging duration and the starting charging moment.Finally,the regional grid load fluctuations triggered by the access to the grid from electric vehicles were analyzed to provide data reference for the verification of the V2G response strategy proposed later.Developed a V2G response model for a single electric vehicle.To explore the V2G responsiveness through electric vehicles,the battery power and charging/discharging power boundary constraint models during the V2G response of a single electric vehicle were established.Then a battery loss model considering the discharge depth,discharge rate and other factors was established to provide a theoretical basis for assessing the cost of the participation of vehicle owners in V2G response.Finally,in order to improve the motivation of vehicle owners to participate in V2G response,a satisfaction model of EV owners based on time and charging and discharging cost costs was established.Developed a V2G response model for electric vehicle clusters.The variation of incoming and outgoing electric vehicles within a cluster has been reduced by establishing a multi-timescale strategy for dividing electric vehicle clusters on a day-ahead-intra-day basis.Then,a two-tier real-time optimal dispatching model was established for electric vehicles with V2G response willingness and capability,and through the interaction of information from the upper and lower models,the optimization goal of "peak and valley reduction" of the grid load and maximum profit for vehicle owners was achieved.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed strategy was verified by using the IEEE 33-node distribution network as an example.Established a V2G transaction model for electric vehicles based on federated blockchain.Through analyzing the demand for V2G transactions of electric vehicles,the network structure,technical applicability and application significance of blockchain technology were discussed.Guaranteed traceability of transaction records and information security through technical features such as asymmetric encryption mechanisms and the chain structure of the blockchain.Through the P2 P network and the functional functions encapsulated on the smart contract,a practically applicable electric vehicle V2G transaction network and transaction process were built with the PBFT consensus mechanism and the authentication of EVGMS nodes.